Non-Western countries that remained independent during the new imperialism and beyond included

Question

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Ethiopia is the only non-Western country that remained independent during the new imperialism and beyond. India was colonized by the British, the Philippines were colonized by the United States, and Algeria was colonized by France. Persia (modern-day Iran) faced significant imperialist pressure and had to navigate European power politics to maintain independence, but it was not completely independent throughout this period. Japan, although not colonized, engaged in aggressive imperial expansion of its own.

Non-Western Countries That Remained Independent During the New Imperialism and Beyond