_____ is defined as a personal value orientation that stresses hard work and individual effort and initiative and views the accumulation of material possessions as evidence of success.

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The definition given is describing the Protestant ethic, which is a value orientation that historically emerged from Protestant theology and emphasized the importance of hard work, thrift, and self-discipline as the path to salvation. Max Weber famously linked this ethic to the rise of capitalism in the West.

_____ Is Defined as a Personal Value Orientation That Stresses