Cynthia, a copy editor at a leading daily newspaper, wants one month's leave from work. Because of tight deadlines, her supervisor attempts to persuade her to cancel her leave by offering her a pay hike. However, Cynthia declines his offer. In the context of expectancy theory of motivation, this scenario best illustrates the factor of _____.
A) instrumentality
B) valence
C) reinforcement
D) affiliation

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates valence, which refers to the value or importance an individual places on a particular outcome or reward. In this case, Cynthia values her one month's leave more than the offered pay hike, indicating a low valence for the pay hike. The expectancy theory suggests that individuals are motivated by the belief that their effort will lead to high performance, which in turn will lead to desired outcomes such as rewards or promotions. Therefore, the valence of the reward influences the individual's motivation to perform towards the goal.

Cynthia, a Copy Editor at a Leading Daily Newspaper, Wants