Question 1

Which of the following artists was a Berlin Dadaist?

Accepted Answer

Höch was a prominent Berlin Dadaist, known for her photomontage works that challenged gender and societal norms. Boccioni was an Italian Futurist, Picasso was a Spanish artist associated with various movements including Cubism, and Beckmann was a German Expressionist.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of Synthetic Cubism?

Accepted Answer

Still Life with Chair-Caning by Pablo Picasso is an example of Synthetic Cubism, which involved the use of materials such as newspaper or wallpaper to create a collage effect in the artwork. The painting depicts a café table with a cane chair, but the chair's seat is created by the use of a piece of oilcloth with a pattern of cane weaving, giving it a three-dimensional effect.

Question 3

Franz Marc claimed that Fate of the Animals was like a premonition of ____.

Accepted Answer

Franz Marc created Fate of the Animals in 1913, before the start of World War I. The chaotic and violent imagery in the painting, depicting animals in distress and anguish, can be seen as a symbol of the impending war. Marc himself fought in the war and tragically died in battle in 1916. Therefore, it is most likely that Marc saw the painting as a premonition of World War I.

Question 4

Which artist painted unflinching autobiographical self-portraits?

Accepted Answer

Frida Kahlo is known for her unflinching autobiographical self-portraits, in which she depicted her physical and emotional pain, as well as her personal experiences and relationships. Her paintings often included symbolic elements and references to Mexican culture.

Question 5

Which one of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

Surrealism was heavily influenced by psychoanalysis, particularly the work of Sigmund Freud. Surrealists believed in accessing the unconscious mind through various techniques, such as automatic drawing and writing, to reveal truths about the self and society. However, some Surrealists did reject Jung's ideas and believed in the supremacy of the "pure psychic automatism" technique.

Question 6

Which of the following artists developed the theory of neoplasticism,or the new pure plastic art?

Accepted Answer

Mondrian developed the theory of neoplasticism or the new pure plastic art.

Question 7

The two major schools of German Expressionism were:

Accepted Answer

Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter were the two major schools of German Expressionism. Die Brücke was founded in 1905 by a group of artists in Dresden and focused on creating emotionally charged, raw works of art. Der Blaue Reiter, founded in Munich in 1911, had a more spiritual and abstract approach to art. Both groups were interested in exploring new ways of expressing emotions and ideas through art.

Question 8

Max Beckmann's painting Night was autobiographical because he ____.

Accepted Answer

Max Beckmann's painting Night features himself, his second wife, and his son as three of the figures in the disturbing and chaotic scene, which is believed to represent the artist's experience of the trauma and upheaval of World War I.

Question 9

____ photographed the rural poor who were displaced by the Great Depression in the 1930s.

Accepted Answer

Dorothea Lange is famously known for her photographic documentation of the rural poor and their displacement during the Great Depression.

Question 10

"...I believe in the future resolution of the states of dream and reality,in appearance so contradictory,in a sort of absolute reality,or surreality." This definition of Surrealism was written by ____.

Accepted Answer

This definition of Surrealism was written by André Breton in the first Surrealist Manifesto in 1924.

Question 11

The Fauve use of color is particularly apparent in the works of:

Accepted Answer

Henri Matisse was one of the leading figures of the Fauvism movement and his use of bright and bold colors is a hallmark of the style. He often used colors in unexpected ways and allowed his personal feelings to guide his use of color, resulting in vibrant and expressive artworks. Picasso is not typically associated with the Fauvism movement, though he did have some influence on it. Emil Nolde was a German Expressionist painter and printmaker, and while he did use bright colors, his style is not considered Fauvist. Marcel Duchamp was associated with the Dada and Surrealist movements, and his works did not typically feature the bold colors associated with Fauvism.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of Futurism?

Accepted Answer

"Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash" is an example of Futurism as it represents motion and dynamism through multiple images of a dog on a leash. Futurism was an art movement that celebrated modernity, speed, and technology, and its works often conveyed a sense of movement and energy.

Question 13

The artist ____ painted hidden reality revealed through strange juxtapositions:

Accepted Answer

The description of hidden reality revealed through strange juxtapositions is characteristic of the work of the Italian artist Giorgio de Chirico. Matisse and Kandinsky are known for their use of color and abstraction, while Picasso is known for his cubist style.

Question 14

Dada artists exhibited ready-made sculptures,which were mass-produced common objects,called ____.

Accepted Answer

Dada artists exhibited ready-made sculptures, which were mass-produced common objects. These objects were typically referred to as "found objects" because they were commonly found in everyday life and repurposed for art.

Question 15

What was Giorgio De Chirico's relationship to Surrealism?

Accepted Answer

Giorgio De Chirico is seen as a precursor to Surrealism, inspiring many of the movement's key figures with his strange, dreamlike cityscapes and use of unexpected combinations of objects. Though he himself did not identify as a Surrealist, his work was highly influential in the movement's early development.

Question 16

Which artist's image was directly contradicted by the text painted on the canvas?

Accepted Answer

René Magritte's works often feature realistic images juxtaposed with text that contradicts or adds a layer of meaning to the visual element. For example, in his painting "The Treachery of Images," he depicts a pipe with the words "Ceci n'est pas une pipe" ("This is not a pipe") written below it, challenging the viewer's perception of reality.

Question 17

Which Der Blaue Reiter artist found animals superior in beauty,strength,innocence,and naturalness?

Accepted Answer

Franz Marc, one of the founders of Der Blaue Reiter, believed that animals possess a singular, innocent grace that surpasses any human-made artwork. He saw animals as representatives of purity and goodness, and often portrayed them in vivid, almost mystical colours to capture their spirit and otherworldly beauty.

Question 18

What style is described as compositions of shapes and forms abstracted from the conventionally conceived world?

Accepted Answer

Cubism is a style that involves breaking down objects into geometric shapes and reassembling them in an abstract manner. It sought to depict multiple viewpoints of a subject at once, and distort images to create a new way of seeing familiar objects.

Question 19

Who wrote,"What is real is not the external form but the essence of things."?

Accepted Answer

This quote is attributed to Constantin Brancusi, a Romanian sculptor. Brancusi believed in simplifying forms and stripping away unnecessary details in order to reveal the true essence or spirit of the subject matter. This quote reflects his philosophy that the external appearance of things is less important than their inner nature or essence.

Question 20

Edward Hopper's Nighthawks communicates ____.

Accepted Answer

Nighthawks by Edward Hopper is commonly interpreted as depicting the isolation and loneliness of modern city life. The painting's subjects are illuminated in a harsh, artificial light, and appear disconnected from each other and their surroundings. There is a sense of melancholy and longing that permeates the scene, suggesting the profound alienation experienced by many people living in urban environments.

Quiz 14: Modernism in Europe and America,1900 to 1945