While assessing oral tissues, signs of fluid volume deficit (FVD) that a dental hygienist should look for include: (Select all that apply.)

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Mucous membranes in a patient with FVD will not appear edematous, because edema indicates fluid is present in the intracellular spaces. Instead, tissues will appear shrunken and skin will have decreased turgor. Salivary flow will be diminished. Ma-huang is another name for the ephedra, an herb that can cause xerostomia (dry mouth). Many patients use ma-huang as an appetite suppressant.

While Assessing Oral Tissues, Signs of Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)