You have been called for a patient with a sickle cell crisis. In reviewing the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia, you understand that the underlying problem is:

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The underlying problem in sickle cell anemia is the abnormal formation of hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) which causes red blood cells to become stiff, sticky, and sickle-shaped. These abnormally shaped cells can get stuck in small blood vessels and lead to pain, tissue damage, and various complications. There is also a decreased lifespan of the sickled cells, leading to anemia. Thickening of blood is not a primary problem in sickle cell anemia. Abnormal elevation of white blood cells may occur during a crisis, but it is not the underlying problem. Also, the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells is due to the abnormal hemoglobin and not a lack of release of O₂.

You Have Been Called for a Patient with a Sickle