Addiction refers to
A) increased drug effect with repeated use.
B) the loss of withdrawal symptoms when the drug use is stopped.
C) maintained drug effect with repeated use.
D) a situation where drug use continues despite adverse consequences to the user.
E) augmented drug reward.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Addiction is characterized by the continued use of a drug despite negative consequences or adverse effects on the user, such as health problems, social or psychological harm, or interference with responsibilities. It is a complex phenomenon that involves changes in brain structure and function, as well as psychological and social factors. While increased drug effect with repeated use (A) and maintained drug effect with repeated use (C) are features of drug tolerance, these alone do not define addiction. The loss of withdrawal symptoms when drug use is stopped (B) is characteristic of physical dependence, which can occur in the absence of addiction or substance use disorder. Augmented drug reward (E) is related to the reinforcing effects of drugs, but is not sufficient to explain addiction, as not all individuals who experience drug reward go on to develop addiction.

Addiction Refers to