Question 1

Frequent wars and balance-of-power diplomacy increased the resources of European states and strengthened society as a whole.

Accepted Answer

Frequent wars and balance-of-power diplomacy often drained resources and caused significant human and economic losses, leading to societal strain rather than strengthening society as a whole.

Question 2

Examine the European witch hunts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.What factors led to this movement? What were the results?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Charles V did not build an administrative structure for his empire,but instead ruled each of his lands according to its own laws and customs.

Accepted Answer

Charles V believed in the importance of respecting the diverse laws and customs of the different territories in his empire, and therefore did not impose a uniform administrative structure. Instead, he relied on local officials and institutions to govern each region according to its own traditions. This approach, known as the "regime of separate sovereignties," allowed Charles to maintain the loyalty of his subjects while also consolidating his power as emperor.

Question 4

Discuss the developments and differences between constitutional states and absolute monarchies.Which of these governmental forms would have the greatest long-term influence?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

Look at Map 23.1,Sixteenth-century Europe.Why did Europe divide into a collection of sovereign states and not attain the level of the greater empires that occurred in China,India,and the Islamic lands? Why didn't the Holy Roman Empire reach the level of power and grandeur that its name implied? What were the consequences of this competition?

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

The Society of Jesus-the Jesuits-received instruction in theology,philosophy,and the classics,and became effective missionaries.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the education and role of the Jesuits, who were known for combining academic excellence with missionary work.

Question 7

Examine the career of Martin Luther.What were the foundations of his Reformation? What legacy did he leave Europe? Why did earlier reformers not have the same impact?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

European states ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia,which laid the foundation for a system of independent,competing states.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years' War and established the principle of state sovereignty and the notion of a system of independent states in Europe.

Question 9

Examine Map 23.2,Europe after the Peace of Westphalia,1648.How does it compare to Map 23.1? What were the long-term implications of the Peace of Westphalia?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

During the seventeenth century,England and the Netherlands evolved governments that claimed limited powers and recognized rights of individuals and representative institutions.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. During the seventeenth century, both England and the Netherlands developed governments that recognized limited powers and individual rights, as well as representative institutions such as parliaments. This period saw the emergence of ideas such as constitutionalism and the rule of law, which helped to shape the modern democratic world.

Question 11

Was there a political side to the sixteenth-century reformation movements? How did it relate to the religious issues?

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Question 12

Examine the leading thinkers of the scientific revolution.Why were the early discoveries of the scientific revolution met with such resistance? In what ways did these discoveries destroy an old worldview and create a new one?

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

King Louis XIII of France was known as le roi soleil,"the sun king."

Accepted Answer

"Le Roi Soleil," or "the Sun King," was a nickname for King Louis XIV of France, not Louis XIII. Louis XIV was known for his long reign and the construction of the Palace of Versailles.

Question 14

What were the foundations of the scientific revolution? Could there be a disadvantage to the period's new emphasis on reason? What,if anything,was missing from this new intellectual universe?

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Question 15

Examine the rise of capitalist thought and practice.What factors led to this rise?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Merchants were especially influential in the affairs of the English and Dutch states; these lands adopted policies that were most favorable to capitalist enterprises.

Accepted Answer

Merchants played a significant role in the development of capitalist enterprises in England and the Netherlands. These states adopted policies that were favorable to these capitalist enterprises due to their influence.

Question 17

Examine the idea behind the balance of power.How did this concept play itself out in Europe? How was this balance of power different from the political patterns in the rest of the world?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Examine the wars in early modern Europe.What caused most of these conflicts? What were the results of these confrontations? Who won and who lost?

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

Examine the centralizing efforts in countries like France,Spain,and England.How and in what ways were they successful? Why was the Holy Roman Empire not as successful as other European states in centralizing power?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

The most important of the Romanov tsars of Russia was Catherine II.She is credited with the process of transforming Russia into a modern state.

Accepted Answer

Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great, was not a Romanov tsar but a tsarina who married into the Romanov dynasty. The Romanovs were the ruling dynasty of Russia, and Catherine was of German origin before marrying Peter III of Russia.

Quiz 23: The Transformation of Europe