Preparation for a time when patients are no longer competent and want to have their wishes communicated, or for patients who want a substitute decision-maker recognized to ensure that their wishes are carried out, requires a signed document. Which document ensures that patients' wishes are communicated if they can no longer speak for themselves?

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An advance directive is a legal document that ensures a patient's wishes regarding medical treatment and end-of-life care are communicated if they become incapacitated and cannot speak for themselves. It allows patients to specify what medical interventions they do or do not want, designate a surrogate decision-maker, and express their values and beliefs regarding their care. Power of attorney and wills deal with legal and financial matters, while DNR orders specifically address whether resuscitative measures should be taken in the event of cardiac arrest.

Preparation for a Time When Patients Are No Longer Competent