Question 1

_____ corrects the genetic defect in an individual with a genetic disorder by _____.

Accepted Answer

Gene therapy is the method of correcting a genetic defect by delivering a normal gene to affected cells in the body. Enzyme replacement therapy can be used for some genetic disorders where the missing or defective enzyme can be supplied, but it does not correct the underlying genetic defect. PGD is a technique used during in vitro fertilization to identify embryos that do not carry a specific genetic mutation, but it does not correct the genetic defect in an affected individual. Chorionic villus sampling is a prenatal diagnostic test that involves taking a sample of placental tissue and analyzing the fetal cells for genetic defects, but it does not correct the genetic defect in an affected individual.

Question 2

Guidelines suggest that only ____________________ (number)embryo(s)be transferred to the woman's uterus following IVF,in order to reduce the incidence of multiple births.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Guidelines suggest that only ____________________ (number)embryo(s)be transferred...

Question 3

The risk of ____________________,which occurs when the embryo begins to grow outside the uterus,increases with the use of IVF.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The risk of ____________________,which occurs when the...

Question 4

What technique can be used to detect genetic defects in early stage embryos,prior to implantation?

Accepted Answer

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a technique commonly used to detect genetic defects in early stage embryos prior to implantation. PGD involves removing one or two cells from the embryo and testing these cells for genetic abnormalities before transferring the embryo to the uterus. PGD is useful for couples who know that they carry certain genetic mutations and want to avoid passing them on to their children.

Question 5

If a male produces healthy gametes but his female partner can neither produce gametes nor carry a fetus,a(n)____________________ surrogate can be used to help them achieve successful reproduction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a male produces healthy gametes but...

Question 6

Low sperm ____________________ results in the inability of sperm to move through cervical mucus and reach the egg in the oviduct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Low sperm ____________________ results in the inability...

Question 7

The condition of having no sperm in the semen is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The condition of having no sperm in...

Question 8

Fertilization takes place in the ____________________,and the embryo grows and develops in the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fertilization takes place in the ____________________,and the...

Question 9

____________________ is the recommended ART procedure performed on women with blocked oviducts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the recommended ART procedure performed...

Question 10

Which scenario describes a situation for which genetic counseling is recommended?

Accepted Answer

Couples who already have a child with a birth defect may have an increased risk of having another child with a genetic disorder. Genetic counseling can help assess the risk and provide information about options for testing and treatment.

Question 11

An individual who is at risk of passing a genetic defect onto his or her offspring would most likely undergo ____.

Accepted Answer

Genetic testing is used to determine if an individual carries a genetic defect that could be passed to offspring.

Question 12

The technique of ____ is a form of genetic disorder therapy in which a patient's defective protein is artificially provided.

Accepted Answer

Enzyme replacement therapy is a form of genetic disorder therapy in which a patient's defective protein is artificially provided. This is achieved by introducing a functional version of the missing or defective enzyme into the patient's bloodstream. Enzyme replacement therapy is used to treat a variety of genetic disorders, including lysosomal storage diseases, Gaucher disease, and Fabry disease. It has been successful in improving the symptoms and quality of life of patients with these conditions.

Question 13

____________________ involves the fertilization of the egg outside the body,followed by transfer of the embryo into a woman's uterus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ involves the fertilization of the egg...

Question 14

Usually,the first procedure a genetic counselor performs for a client is _____.

Accepted Answer

The first procedure a genetic counselor performs for a client is usually the construction of a pedigree based on family and medical histories. This helps to identify any patterns of inheritance and potential genetic risks for the client and their family. Other procedures, such as amniocentesis, karyotyping, and biochemical testing, may be recommended based on the results of the pedigree analysis. Ultrasonic imaging may also be used to detect physical abnormalities in the developing fetus.

Question 15

To treat severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)by gene therapy,a patient's white blood cells are removed,followed by the delivery of a normal gene into the cells.The altered cells are then returned to the patient's body.This is an example of _____ gene therapy.

Accepted Answer

Ex vivo gene therapy involves removing cells from the patient's body, altering them genetically outside of the body, and then returning them to the patient. This approach is commonly used in the treatment of genetic disorders such as SCID, as it allows for precise genetic modification of the patient's own cells before they are reintroduced into the body.

Question 16

The most common vectors used in DNA therapy experiments are _____.

Accepted Answer

Retroviruses and adenoviruses are commonly used as vectors in DNA therapy experiments. They are able to efficiently deliver genetic material into target cells and have been extensively studied and optimized for this purpose. Modified human cells may also be used, but are less commonly utilized. Antisense oligonucleotides and naked DNA have limitations in terms of delivery efficiency and potential immunogenicity, while bacteria pose safety risks.

Question 17

_____ is performed to detect genetic disorders and birth defects in a fetus.

Accepted Answer

Prenatal testing is performed during pregnancy to detect genetic disorders and birth defects in a fetus. This can include procedures such as amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, and ultrasound. Carrier testing and genetic screening may also be done before or during pregnancy, but they do not specifically target the fetus. Gene therapy and enzyme replacement therapy are treatments for genetic disorders, rather than diagnostic tests.

Question 18

____________________,one of the earliest methods of ART,was developed primarily to overcome problems with male infertility.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________,one of the earliest methods of ART,was...

Question 19

The three components of the female reproductive system that are required for successful reproduction are the eggs,____________________,and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three components of the female reproductive...

Question 20

Recent successes in gene therapy are attributed to the _____.

Accepted Answer

The development of improved vectors has allowed for more efficient and targeted delivery of therapeutic genes to the appropriate cells and tissues, leading to recent successes in gene therapy.

Quiz 16: Reproductive Technology - Genetic Testing - and Gene Therapy

_ corrects the genetic defect in an individual with a genetic disorder by _.