After each round of selection by biopanning in phage display, phages containing the peptides of interest are enriched through:

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After each round of selection, the phages that display the peptide of interest are repropagated in E. coli, which allows for their amplification and further selection in the next round. PCR is not necessary as the phages themselves act as templates for replication. Affinity chromatography can be used to purify the final phages that specifically bind to a desired target, but it is not typically used after each round of selection. Agarose gel electrophoresis is used to visualize DNA fragments and is not applicable in this scenario.

After Each Round of Selection by Biopanning in Phage Display