Question 1

Sociologists believe that learning only occurs in educational settings like a classroom or lecture hall.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists recognize that learning can occur in a variety of settings, including but not limited to educational institutions. Other settings where learning can occur include work settings, social settings, and cultural settings.

Question 2

Schools provide students with consistent socialization messages that do not contradict one another.

Accepted Answer

Schools can expose students to a variety of socialization messages that may sometimes contradict one another due to differences in teacher beliefs, curriculum content, and peer group influences.

Question 3

Schools are agents of socialization.

Accepted Answer

Schools are institutions that play a critical role in shaping the socialization process of individuals. They provide children and young adults with knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to interact with others and navigate different social settings. In addition to formal education, schools also offer opportunities for informal socialization through peer interactions, extracurricular activities, and cultural events.

Question 4

The gender gap in pay is only caused by the fact that women choose to leave their jobs to become wives and mothers.

Accepted Answer

The gender pay gap cannot be solely attributed to women choosing to leave their jobs to become wives and mothers. Factors such as discrimination, bias, and the undervaluation of women's work also contribute to the pay gap. Additionally, not all women choose to become wives and mothers, and those who do still face discrimination and lower pay even when working the same jobs as men.

Question 5

Literacy today is universal;almost all adults in developing and developed nations can read and write.

Accepted Answer

While literacy rates have improved significantly in recent decades, there are still millions of adults in both developing and developed nations who are not able to read and write. According to UNESCO, as of 2018, the global adult literacy rate was estimated to be around 86%, with significant disparities between regions and countries.

Question 6

Omid and many of his coworkers are upset about their jobs at the factory where they work,especially their wages.They decide to form a union to engage in collective bargaining.What does collective bargaining allow workers to do?

Accepted Answer

Collective bargaining allows workers to collectively negotiate with their employer for better working conditions, including wages, benefits, and other terms of employment.

Question 7

The American workforce is increasingly working in industrial jobs.

Accepted Answer

The American workforce is moving away from industrial jobs and towards service sector jobs.

Question 8

Lincoln High School tracks some students into college preparatory classes.Those students will eventually end up in professional careers.Others are in job-training programs and will enter the workforce after graduation.Lincoln High School is demonstrating which of the following functions of schooling?

Accepted Answer

Lincoln High School is demonstrating the function of occupational sorting by tracking some students into college preparatory classes leading to professional careers, and others into job-training programs leading to the workforce after graduation.

Question 9

A professional group has a monopoly over a prestigious occupation.The group retains control over this occupation because,in order to enter the occupation or perform any of its job duties,a person has to have a certain degree and pass a licensing exam.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Credentialing refers to the process by which a professional group controls access to a particular occupation through requiring specific degrees, certifications or licenses. In this case, the professional group has established requirements for entry and practice within the occupation, thus controlling who can and cannot perform the job duties.

Question 10

Schools are very similar in terms of their structure and how they teach students.

Accepted Answer

Schools can differ greatly in their structure and teaching style depending on factors such as location, demographics, curriculum, and teaching philosophy.

Question 11

Part of the value of educational degrees comes from how competitive the degree is.The scarcer the degree,the more it is likely valued.

Accepted Answer

This is because if a degree is scarce or difficult to obtain, it signals to employers that the individual has worked hard and possesses a higher level of knowledge and skills, making them more valuable in the job market.

Question 12

Charter schools are basically private schools.

Accepted Answer

Charter schools are publicly funded and subject to many of the same regulations and standards as traditional public schools. However, they are independently managed and have more flexibility in terms of curriculum and operations. They are not considered private schools.

Question 13

William and José go to the same high school.Based on their aptitudes,career desires,and prior academic performance,William and José were placed in very different classes.José is in college prep courses and William takes vocational classes.Their divergent classes represent what school process?

Accepted Answer

The situation described here is an example of tracking, where students are placed into different classes based on their perceived aptitudes and career aspirations. José is placed in college prep courses, while William is placed in vocational classes, indicating that they are being tracked for different future paths.

Question 14

Occupational prestige is always positively related to the average income of an occupation;the more money earned,the more prestigious the occupation.

Accepted Answer

Occupational prestige is not solely determined by the average income of an occupation. Factors such as societal values, the perceived importance of the occupation, educational requirements, and the level of skill or expertise required also significantly influence an occupation's prestige.

Question 15

According to sociologists,the educational system in America has been the great equalizer,or at least a primary means by which inequality has been eradicated.

Accepted Answer

While the educational system in America has certainly provided opportunities for social mobility, it has not completely eradicated inequality. Many factors, including socioeconomic status, race, and access to resources, still play a significant role in determining educational outcomes and life chances.

Question 16

Anisa and her parents moved to the United States.When Anisa enrolled in school she was placed into a program where she was taught in both her native language and English.What type of educational program does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Anisa was placed in a program where she was taught in both her native language and English, which is a type of bilingual education.

Question 17

There is little difference across workplace cultures in the United States.

Accepted Answer

There is actually a significant difference in workplace cultures among different companies, industries, and regions in the United States. Factors such as communication styles, hierarchy, work-life balance, and attitudes towards teamwork may vary greatly between organizations.

Question 18

Collective bargaining allows workers to have a unified voice in the negotiation process with employers.

Accepted Answer

Collective bargaining involves workers coming together to negotiate with their employer for better working conditions, wages, and benefits. By engaging in collective bargaining, workers are able to have a unified voice and increase their bargaining power, as compared to negotiating individually with their employer.

Question 19

Sociologists only see education as fulfilling the function of transferring knowledge to young people.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists view education as a complex institution that fulfills a variety of functions beyond simply transferring knowledge, such as socialization, cultural transmission, and creating social mobility opportunities.

Question 20

Online education has grown rapidly over the past few years.

Accepted Answer

Online education has seen a significant growth in recent years, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic leading to a widespread shift towards digital learning.

Quiz 13: Education and Work