Question 1

Pablo has always found it relatively easy to get close to others.He regards himself as friendly, good-natured, and likeable; and he thinks of other people as generally well-intentioned, reliable, and trustworthy.According to Latty-Mann and Davis' research on adult attachment styles, Pablo would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Pablo's self-perception as friendly, good-natured, and likeable, along with his positive view of other people as generally well-intentioned, reliable, and trustworthy, indicates that he has a secure attachment style. A secure attachment style is characterized by a positive view of oneself and others, and a comfortable ability to get close to others and rely on them when needed.

Question 2

According to evolutionary theorists, mate selection can be attributed to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theorists believe that mate selection ultimately comes down to reproductive challenges, such as choosing a mate who will provide strong genetic material for offspring or one who has the ability to protect and provide resources for offspring.

Question 3

Using a study of 37 cultures on six continents, _____ found similar human mating patterns, which he believed represented evolved behavior patterns that still guide our choices today.

Accepted Answer

The study of 37 cultures on six continents and finding similar human mating patterns is consistent with David Buss's research on evolutionary psychology and mating strategies. Zick Rubin is primarily known for his work on love and interpersonal relationships, Stanley Schachter for his research on emotions and social comparison, and Solomon Asch for his work on conformity and group influence.

Question 4

Emir tends to see his friends and his present lover as unreliable and unwilling to commit themselves to lasting relationships.He would love to be extremely close to his present girlfriend but he worries that she really does not love him and will leave him, like the last one.Emir tends to feel emotionally unsettled as if no one will ever truly understand him or appreciate him.According to Latty-Mann and Davis's research on adult attachment styles, Emir would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Emir's fear of abandonment, desire for closeness, and emotional instability align with the ambivalent attachment style, characterized by anxiety and uncertainty in relationships.

Question 5

A(n) _____ attachment style reflects a fear of intimacy and a tendency to pull back when things do not go well in a relationship.

Accepted Answer

The avoidant attachment style is characterized by a fear of intimacy and a tendency to withdraw from emotional connection in a relationship, often due to a fear of rejection or being hurt. Individuals with an avoidant attachment style may come across as distant, independent, and non-committal.

Question 6

The study of the adaptive origins of human behavior patterns is called

Accepted Answer

The study of the adaptive origins of human behavior patterns is specifically known as evolutionary psychology. Choice A (Matin's preferences) is not a known term or concept related to this topic. Choice B (pragmatic epistemology) refers to a philosophical approach to knowledge acquisition and is not directly related to the study of human behavior. Choice C (interpersonal attraction) is a specific area of study within psychology, but it does not encompass the broader field of evolutionary psychology.

Question 7

Karen sees herself as friendly, good natured, and likeable, while seeing others as generally well intentioned, reliable, and trustworthy.She is comfortable relying on her husband and friends and having them depend on her.Karen does not worry about being abandoned by her husband.According to Latty-Mann and Davis's research on adult attachment styles, Karen would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Karen's self-description and perception of others as trustworthy and reliable indicate a secure attachment style, which is characterized by comfort with intimacy and interdependence in relationships, trust in others, and a positive view of oneself. Her lack of worry about abandonment by her husband further supports this attachment style. The other options (ambivalent, avoidant, and dependent) are not consistent with Karen's description.

Question 8

Carlota has often felt misunderstood and unappreciated in her relationships.While she would love to feel closer to her friends, she believes that they really don't care about her and will abandon her when she needs them most.According to Latty-Mann and Davis's research on adult attachment styles, Carlota would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Carlota's belief that her friends do not care about her and will abandon her when she needs them most suggests that she has a fear of abandonment and an anxious attachment style, which is commonly associated with the ambivalent attachment style. This means that she often feels insecure in her relationships and desires more closeness and intimacy, but at the same time, she is afraid of rejection and abandonment, leading her to become clingy and anxious in her relationships.

Question 9

Regarding what people look for when considering potential dating partners, Goode conducted a study in which personal ads were placed in newspapers.The four ads included a beautiful woman who was a waitress, an average-looking female lawyer, an average-looking male lawyer, and a handsome male cabdriver.Results of the study showed that in choosing a potential dating partner, the majority of

Accepted Answer

The study indicated that men prioritized physical attractiveness, while women prioritized professional success when choosing a potential dating partner.

Question 10

Melissa has always tended to be rather suspicious of others, aloof, and skeptical of love.She tends to see others as either unreliable or too eager to commit to a relationship.Thus, Melissa finds it very hard to completely trust and depend on others.She actually gets nervous when anyone gets too close emotionally.According to Latty-Mann and Davis's research on adult attachment styles, Melissa would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Melissa's tendency to be suspicious, aloof, and skeptical of love, as well as her difficulty in trusting and depending on others, are characteristic of the avoidant attachment style. This style is associated with a fear of vulnerability and a desire for independence and self-sufficiency.

Question 11

A(n) _____ attachment style is marked by conflicting feelings of affection, anger, and emotional turmoil with these people regarding themselves as misunderstood and unappreciated.

Accepted Answer

The description given matches that of the ambivalent attachment style, where individuals may feel inconsistent and conflicted feelings towards their attachment figures, resulting in emotional turmoil and a sense of feeling misunderstood or unappreciated.

Question 12

Terrence has always had difficulty trusting and depending on others.He tends to see others as either unreliable or too eager to commit to a relationship.Therefore, whenever the relationship gets too close, he pulls back and the relationship breaks up.According to Latty-Mann and Davis's research on adult attachment styles, Terrence would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

Terrence's difficulty trusting and depending on others, as well as his tendency to pull back when a relationship gets too close, are characteristic of individuals with an avoidant attachment style. This style is characterized by a desire for independence and a fear of intimacy or dependency on others. Ambivalent attachment style is characterized by fear of abandonment and clinginess, secure attachment style is characterized by trust and security in relationships, and dependent attachment style is characterized by excessive neediness and reliance on others.

Question 13

According to evolutionary psychologists,

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that men prioritize physical attractiveness in mates as it is often associated with fertility and reproductive potential.

Question 14

Research has shown that we use _____ to build mental models about affectionate relationships and use these models as sort of a blueprint for forming, maintaining, and breaking bonds of love and affection.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that the way we attach to our primary caregivers during infancy and early childhood sets the foundation for later relationships. These attachment experiences help shape our mental models or expectations of how relationships work and what love and affection should look like. These mental models can influence our behavior and attitudes towards relationships later in life, including how we form, maintain, and break bonds of love and affection.

Question 15

Regarding what people look for when considering potential dating partners, Goode conducted a study in which personal ads were placed in newspapers.The four ads included a beautiful woman who was a waitress, an average-looking female lawyer, an average-looking male lawyer, and a handsome male cabdriver.The majority of men chose the _____ as a potential dating partner, while the majority of women chose the _____ as their preferred dating partner.

Accepted Answer

Men prioritized physical attractiveness, choosing the beautiful waitress, while women prioritized status and stability, choosing the average-looking male lawyer.

Question 16

According to Buss and other evolutionary psychologists, the differences between male and female mating patterns are primarily due to different

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists, such as Buss, suggest that the differences between male and female mating patterns are primarily due to reproductive challenges. Men and women have different reproductive strategies due to differences in the biological cost of reproduction, such as the amount of time and energy required for gestation, childbirth, and lactation. Men can potentially reproduce with multiple partners without significant biological cost, while women have a limited number of eggs and must invest significant time and energy into each offspring. As a result, men are more likely to seek out short-term, casual sexual encounters, while women are more likely to prioritize longer-term, committed relationships that provide resources, protection, and support for their offspring.

Question 17

_____ studies the origins of human behavior patterns and how these past behavior patterns guide our choices today.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology studies how behavior patterns have evolved over time and how they continue to influence human behavior today. It looks at how natural selection has shaped human behavior and genetics, and how this influences decision-making and cognitive processes. Comparative psychology focuses on studying animal behavior, behaviorism focuses on studying how environmental factors shape behavior, and humanistic psychology focuses on understanding how individuals experience and perceive the world around them.

Question 18

According to David Buss's _____ theory, mating preferences developed in response to the differing reproductive challenges that faced the earliest humans, leaving an imprint that influences male and female mating patterns today.

Accepted Answer

David Buss's theory is an evolutionary theory which suggests that mating preferences developed as a result of adaptive challenges faced during our ancestral history.

Question 19

A(n) _____ attachment is an emotional bond marked by a tendency to resist commitment to others.People with this attachment style tend to be suspicious, aloof, and skeptical about love.

Accepted Answer

The description provided in the question matches the traits of people with avoidant attachment style, who tend to avoid emotional closeness, appear distant, and have difficulties with trust and intimacy. They may also prioritize independence and self-sufficiency and perceive vulnerability as weakness. Mutual and secure attachments, on the other hand, are characterized by trust, communication, and mutual support, while ambivalent attachment involves inconsistency in the caregiver's responsiveness and creates anxiety and uncertainty in the attachment figure.

Question 20

According to evolutionary psychologists,

Accepted Answer

This is a well-established finding in evolutionary psychology. Women have a greater need for resources and investment from their mates in order to successfully rear offspring, therefore they tend to prioritize long-term commitment and stability in a partner.

Quiz 17: Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

According to evolutionary theorists, mate selection can be attributed to which of the following?

Using a study of 37 cultures on six continents, _____ found similar human mating patterns, which he believed represented evolved behavior patterns that still guide our choices today.

A(n) _____ attachment style reflects a fear of intimacy and a tendency to pull back when things do not go well in a relationship.

The study of the adaptive origins of human behavior patterns is called

A(n) _____ attachment style is marked by conflicting feelings of affection, anger, and emotional turmoil with these people regarding themselves as misunderstood and unappreciated.

According to evolutionary psychologists,

Research has shown that we use _____ to build mental models about affectionate relationships and use these models as sort of a blueprint for forming, maintaining, and breaking bonds of love and affection.

According to Buss and other evolutionary psychologists, the differences between male and female mating patterns are primarily due to different

_____ studies the origins of human behavior patterns and how these past behavior patterns guide our choices today.

According to David Buss's _____ theory, mating preferences developed in response to the differing reproductive challenges that faced the earliest humans, leaving an imprint that influences male and female mating patterns today.

A(n) _____ attachment is an emotional bond marked by a tendency to resist commitment to others.People with this attachment style tend to be suspicious, aloof, and skeptical about love.

According to evolutionary psychologists,