Question 1

The 3M Co. voluntarily stopped the production of a chemical used as an ingredient in its Scotchgard fabric protector because minute amounts were found in the tissues of both animals and humans and the company feared there could be health effects at high levels. The moral philosophy that guided 3M in making this decision was

Accepted Answer

The voluntary stoppage of production by 3M Co. due to the potential health effects shows that the company is guided by moral idealism. Moral idealism holds that individuals and organizations should act on the basis of ethical principles and avoid actions that may cause harm to others. In this case, 3M Co. prioritized safeguarding the health of the consumers and environment over profits by halting the production of the chemical used in Scotchgard fabric protector.

Question 2

Two prominent personal moral philosophies that have direct bearing on marketing practice are

Accepted Answer

Moral idealism emphasizes on the right and wrong behavior indicating that ethical standards are measured according to the principles, not outcomes. Utilitarianism, on the other hand, aims to bring maximum happiness to society, which can result in the marketing of products that benefit society. Marketers have to use their moral judgment while balancing the two philosophies.

Question 3

Western Digital, the Irvine, California-based maker of disk drives, recalled about 400,000 of its hard drives because of a faulty internal chip. The chip would not affect the disk drive motor until after six to 12 months of use. This delay in the problem's appearance meant that many consumers would not think to blame the disk drive manufacturer. But, instead of taking the less expensive route of remaining quiet about the problem, Western Digital chose to offer replacement disk drives for all those that had the faulty chip. This action is an example of

Accepted Answer

Moral idealism is a philosophy that considers certain individual rights or duties as universal, regardless of the outcome. Western Digital's decision to recall and replace the faulty drives, despite the potential cost and the fact that the problem might not be immediately apparent, reflects a commitment to ethical principles and consumer rights.

Question 4

According to the personal moral philosophy of __________, if the benefits exceed the costs, the behavior is ethical.

Accepted Answer

This is the principle of utilitarianism, which states that the ethical course of action is the one that produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people. It involves weighing the costs and benefits of a decision and choosing the option that leads to the most positive outcomes.

Question 5

All of the following statements about a person's moral philosophy are true except

Accepted Answer

Moral philosophy can be learned through formal education, such as courses in ethics, philosophy, and religious studies, as well as through individual reflection and exploration.

Question 6

An employee who contacts the SEC to report her company's use of illegal accounting procedures is an example of

Accepted Answer

The employee who contacts the SEC to report her company's use of illegal accounting procedures is acting as a whistle-blower, exposing unethical or illegal practices within her organization. This is an important role in maintaining transparency and accountability in the corporate world. A crony is someone who is hired or promoted based on personal connections rather than merit. A scab is a worker who continues to work during a strike, undermining the efforts of the striking workers. A corporate snitch implies a negative connotation of someone who informs on their colleagues for personal gain. An ombudsman is a neutral party who mediates disputes within an organization.

Question 7

The 3M company stopped production of a chemical it had made for more than 40 years when tests showed the chemical could be accumulated in human tissue, even though the products in which it was used had no known harmful health or environmental effect. The voluntary action by 3M is an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of The 3M company stopped production of a...

Question 8

Whistle-blowers refer to

Accepted Answer

Whistle-blowers are employees who report unethical or illegal actions by their employers. They may do so internally to management or externally to regulatory authorities or the media. Their actions are often motivated by a desire to expose wrongdoing, protect the public interest or avoid personal liability.

Question 9

The owners of Ben & Jerry's Homemade Inc. adhere to the belief that the company should not harm the environment in any way but actually improve it. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of moral idealism, which holds that businesses should not only avoid causing harm but also actively pursue actions that are morally right and just. This approach prioritizes ethical values over profit and encourages companies to consider their impact on society and the environment.

Question 10

Moral idealism refers to

Accepted Answer

Moral idealism is a personal moral philosophy that prioritizes individual duties and rights over the consequences of ethical behavior. This means that even if the outcome is not desirable, an action is considered morally right if it upholds universal principles and duties.

Question 11

Moral idealism refers to a personal moral philosophy that

Accepted Answer

Moral idealism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and duties, regardless of the outcome or consequences. This means that individuals have a personal obligation to do what is right, regardless of whether it is popular, profitable, or convenient. Moral idealism is often associated with deontological ethics, which emphasizes the inherent value of individual human beings and their rights and dignity. It is the opposite of consequentialism, which emphasizes the importance of outcomes or results, and utilitarianism, which emphasizes the greatest good for the greatest number.

Question 12

Which of the following statements best describes the activities of a whistle-blower?

Accepted Answer

A whistle-blower is someone who exposes wrongdoing or illegal activities within an organization. Option E best describes the actions of a whistle-blower, as the employee reported to the Consumer Product Safety Commission that the company knowingly manufactured a faulty product that posed a safety hazard to consumers. The other options do not involve exposing wrongdoing or illegal activities within the company.

Question 13

Ultimately, ethical choices are based on

Accepted Answer

Ethical choices are ultimately based on the personal moral philosophy of the decision maker, as it is their individual values and beliefs that guide their decision-making process. While societal culture and norms, business culture and industry practices, and laws and regulations may all play a role in shaping an individual's moral outlook, it is ultimately up to the individual to determine what they believe is right and wrong. Chance and opportunity do not play a significant role in ethical decision-making.

Question 14

Two former sales representatives of a biotech company alleged the company strongly encouraged its sales force to search confidential medical records in dermatologist's offices in an attempt to find names of patients that would benefit from the use of one of the company's drugs to treat a skin disorder. After reporting this practice to the president of the company, one of the reps was fired and the other resigned after receiving a poor performance review. Both these two people sued the company, claiming they did not go along with the scheme because they objected to it as being unethical. These two sales representatives are

Accepted Answer

The best choice is "whistle-blowers" because they reported illegal and unethical behavior within their company to the president. They were retaliated against for reporting this behavior, which is against the law.

Question 15

A personal moral philosophy that focuses on "the greatest good for the greatest number" by assessing the costs and benefits of the consequences of ethical behavior is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy that aims to produce the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of people while minimizing the amount of pain or suffering. It assesses the costs and benefits of the consequences of ethical behavior and seeks to maximize the benefits while minimizing the costs. This approach is often used in decision-making in areas such as public policy, ethics, and business.

Question 16

A moral philosophy that exists in the Consumer Bill of Rights and is favored by moral philosophers and consumer interest groups is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Moral idealism is the moral philosophy that guides the Consumer Bill of Rights and is favored by moral philosophers and consumer interest groups. This philosophy places a strong emphasis on the moral obligations of businesses to act in ways that are fair, just, and respectful of the rights of individuals. It also holds that businesses should be held accountable for their actions and should not be allowed to exploit consumers in pursuit of their own interests.

Question 17

A personal moral philosophy that considers individual rights or duties as universal, regardless of the outcome, is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Moral idealism maintains that certain actions are inherently right or wrong regardless of their outcomes. It also places a high value on individual rights and duties, regardless of the consequences for society as a whole. This stands in contrast to utilitarianism, which prioritizes the greatest good for the greatest number of people, sometimes at the expense of individual rights or duties. Social responsibility and religion may touch on elements of moral idealism, but they are not synonymous with it. Hedonism, meanwhile, is a philosophy that seeks pleasure and avoids pain as the most important goals in life, and therefore doesn't prioritize universal rights or duties.

Question 18

Which of the following statements best describes the activities of a whistle-blower?

Accepted Answer

A whistle-blower is someone who exposes illegal or unethical behavior within an organization to the public or to authorities. Option B describes an employee who reports that their company falsified safety reports, which is an example of whistle-blowing. The other options do not involve reporting illegal or unethical behavior.

Question 19

Why did 3M phase out the production of a chemical used as an ingredient in its Scotchgard fabric protector?

Accepted Answer

Traces of the potentially harmful chemical, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), were found in humans, leading to health concerns and legal action against 3M. As a result, the production of the chemical was voluntarily halted.

Question 20

Employees who report unethical or illegal actions of their employers are referred to as

Accepted Answer

Employees who report unethical or illegal actions of their employers are commonly known as whistle-blowers. The term "scabs" is used for workers who continue to work during a strike, "cronies" refers to friends or associates of a person in power, "corporate snitches" is a derogatory term for employees who inform on coworkers, and "ombudsman" is an official appointed to investigate complaints and resolve conflicts.

Quiz 4: Ethical and Social Responsibility for Sustainable Marketing

Two prominent personal moral philosophies that have direct bearing on marketing practice are

According to the personal moral philosophy of __________, if the benefits exceed the costs, the behavior is ethical.

All of the following statements about a person's moral philosophy are true except

An employee who contacts the SEC to report her company's use of illegal accounting procedures is an example of

The 3M company stopped production of a chemical it had made for more than 40 years when tests showed the chemical could be accumulated in human tissue, even though the products in which it was used had no known harmful health or environmental effect. The voluntary action by 3M is an example of

Whistle-blowers refer to

The owners of Ben & Jerry's Homemade Inc. adhere to the belief that the company should not harm the environment in any way but actually improve it. This is an example of

Moral idealism refers to

Moral idealism refers to a personal moral philosophy that

Which of the following statements best describes the activities of a whistle-blower?

Ultimately, ethical choices are based on

A personal moral philosophy that focuses on "the greatest good for the greatest number" by assessing the costs and benefits of the consequences of ethical behavior is referred to as

A moral philosophy that exists in the Consumer Bill of Rights and is favored by moral philosophers and consumer interest groups is referred to as

A personal moral philosophy that considers individual rights or duties as universal, regardless of the outcome, is referred to as

Which of the following statements best describes the activities of a whistle-blower?

Why did 3M phase out the production of a chemical used as an ingredient in its Scotchgard fabric protector?

Employees who report unethical or illegal actions of their employers are referred to as