When implementing cultural change through the use of formal statements, a leader is operating at the level of observable artifacts and espoused values.

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Formal statements, such as mission statements or value statements, are visible and tangible artifacts that reflect an organization's values and beliefs. By implementing these statements, a leader is working to change the observable artifacts and espoused values of the organization, which are both aspects of the outer layer of organizational culture.

When Implementing Cultural Change Through the Use of Formal Statements