A correlated groups t test is analogous to an independent groups t test with the effects of individual differences extracted from the dependent variable.

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In a correlated groups t test, the dependent variable is measured twice for each subject in the study, resulting in correlated pairs of scores. Therefore, the individual differences that are unique to each subject are extracted from the dependent variable, making it similar to an independent groups t test where individual differences between groups are controlled for.

A Correlated Groups T Test Is Analogous to an Independent