________ occur(s) when an investigator's beliefs lead him or her to treat participants in a way that encourages them to produce the anticipated results.
A) Sampling bias
B) Response bias
C) Experimenter expectancy effects
D) A double blind design

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the question is known as experimenter expectancy effects or experimenter bias, which occur when the experimenter's expectations or biases affect the behavior of study participants, potentially leading to the confirmation of the experimenter's hypothesis. This can compromise the validity of the study, and thus, it is an important concern to address in research design and data analysis. Sampling bias refers to a situation in which the sample of participants is not representative of the population of interest. Response bias refers to a systematic tendency of participants to respond in a certain way, such as giving socially desirable answers, which can affect the accuracy of the data collected. A double-blind design is a research method in which neither the participants nor the researchers know the group assignments, which helps to reduce biased responses or influence.

________ Occur(s) When an Investigator's Beliefs Lead Him or Her