Question 1

What is the body's natural disease-fighting system called?

Accepted Answer

The body's natural disease-fighting system is called the immune system. It is responsible for identifying and neutralizing foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses, and toxins in the body. The immune system includes various cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from infections and diseases. Option A, "the suppression system," is not a valid term for the body's natural disease-fighting system. Options C and D, "the autonomic system" and "the parasympathetic system," are both related to the regulation of bodily functions and not specifically involved in fighting diseases.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about stress reactions?

Accepted Answer

Stress reactions involve both physiological and psychological reactions, such as increased heart rate, sweating, and anxious thoughts. These reactions are often interconnected and can influence each other. Therefore, option A and B are incorrect. Option D is partially correct; different stressors can produce different physiological reactions, but psychological reactions are still present in all instances of stress.

Question 3

Which of the following is one of the aspects of providing social support to help buffer against stress?

Accepted Answer

Providing social support includes receiving advice, comfort or solace from others, which can help individuals cope with stress. The other options (A, B, and C) do not necessarily involve providing social support.

Question 4

The fact that younger widows tend to be depressed for longer periods of time after the death of their spouse compared to older widows shows the influence of _______ factors on stress reactions.

Accepted Answer

Developmental factors, such as age and stage of life, can influence how individuals respond to stress and cope with difficult situations. Younger widows may have more difficulty adjusting to the loss of a spouse because they may be dealing with additional stressors related to their age, such as caring for young children or navigating their career. Older widows may have had more time to adjust to the loss of a spouse and may have developed stronger coping mechanisms over time. Factors such as prior experience, control, and person variables may also influence stress reactions, but in this case, developmental factors appear to be the most relevant.

Question 5

How does the sympathetic nervous system respond during the alarm reaction of the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

During the alarm reaction of the general adaptation syndrome, the sympathetic nervous system responds by increasing blood flow to the skeletal muscles to prepare for fight or flight response. This helps prepare the body to respond to stress or danger. The other options (A and C) are not correct as the sympathetic nervous system reduces blood flow to the intestines and increases perspiration during the alarm reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 6

Jack has had a nervous breakdown after spending the last three years trying to prevent his business from collapsing.From the point of view of the general adaptation syndrome,Jack is in which stage of response to stress?

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome, proposed by Hans Selye, describes the body's response to stress. The three stages are alarm-reaction, resistance, and exhaustion. After three years of trying to prevent his business from collapsing, Jack has likely been in the resistance stage for some time, but has now progressed to exhaustion, resulting in his nervous breakdown. The acceptance and repressor stages are not part of the general adaptation syndrome model.

Question 7

During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome does the body enter a temporary state of shock?

Accepted Answer

The temporary state of shock occurs during the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome. This stage is characterized by the body's immediate response to a stressor, which can include a state of shock, increased heart rate, and heightened alertness. This is the first stage of the body's stress response and is quickly followed by the other stages, including resistance and exhaustion.

Question 8

The more predictable a stressful event is,the _______ the reaction to the event.

Accepted Answer

The more predictable a stressful event is, the less stressful the reaction to the event. This is because predictability allows individuals to prepare for, and cope with, the stressful event.

Question 9

The first step in responding to stress is often the production of hormones and the mobilization of bodily resources.This first stage is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

The first stage of the stress response is the alarm reaction stage, where the body releases hormones and mobilizes bodily resources in response to a perceived threat or stressor. This stage is characterized by the “fight or flight” response, where the body prepares to either confront or escape from the stressor. The other answer choices are not accurate descriptions of this stage.

Question 10

The general adaptation syndrome approach to understanding the body's reaction to stress was suggested by

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome approach to understanding the body's reaction to stress was suggested by Hans Selye.

Question 11

Which individuals are least likely to respond to negative life events with depression and anxiety?

Accepted Answer

People with good social support are least likely to respond to negative life events with depression and anxiety as they have a supportive network of family and friends that can provide emotional and practical help during difficult times. This can help individuals cope better with stress and maintain their mental health.

Question 12

The body's natural disease-fighting system is the ______ system.

Accepted Answer

The immune system is responsible for identifying and fighting off foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria, as well as recognizing and attacking abnormal cells. It is comprised of various organs, cells, and proteins that work together to defend the body against disease.

Question 13

The last stage of the general adaptation syndrome is

Accepted Answer

The last stage of the general adaptation syndrome is exhaustion. This is the point where the body has depleted its resources from dealing with the stressor and can no longer sustain its adaptation to the stressor. The body may experience fatigue, illness, or injury.

Question 14

Peter has gotten through the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome.What will happen to him next?

Accepted Answer

After the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body enters the resistance stage where it continues to cope with the stressor. In this stage, the body adapts and resists the effects of the stressor. Therefore, option C is the correct choice. Option A and B are incorrect as they are not the next stages of the general adaptation syndrome. Option D is incorrect as exhaustion stage is the last stage of the general adaptation syndrome, which occurs only after prolonged exposure to stress.

Question 15

A college senior is more likely to know how to handle examination stress and therefore will be under less stress than an incoming freshman.Which of the following factors that influence reactions to stress does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

The statement highlights that prior experience with stress influences reactions to stress. The college senior has had more experience with taking exams and handling examination stress, whereas the incoming freshman has not. Therefore, the senior is likely to be under less stress.

Question 16

In a study,autonomic arousal was measured while one group received electric shock 95 % of the time,a second received electric shock 50%of the time,and a third received electric shock 5% of the time.The group that was shocked 5% of the time showed the most arousal due to the influence of what factor?

Accepted Answer

The group that was shocked 5% of the time showed the most arousal, indicating that lowered predictability had the strongest influence on autonomic arousal. When shocks were less frequent and less predictable, individuals were more likely to be in a state of heightened alert and arousal, anticipating when the next shock might occur.

Question 17

During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome would increases in heart rate,blood pressure,perspiration,and blood sugar be detected?

Accepted Answer

The alarm reaction stage is the body's initial response to stress, where it prepares for a "fight or flight" response. This stage is characterized by an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, perspiration, and blood sugar levels.

Question 18

High levels of depression are ______ among individuals undergoing stress.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that high levels of stress increase the likelihood of experiencing depression. Therefore, it is common, and not uncommon, rare or non-existent.

Question 19

Upsetting emotions and depression may affect the immune system by

Accepted Answer

Upsetting emotions and depression have been shown to reduce the body's resistance to disease by weakening the immune system. This can leave individuals more vulnerable to infections and illnesses. Thus, option A is the best choice.

Question 20

With repeated exposures to stressful situations,a person's general stress level

Accepted Answer

With repeated exposure to stress, a person may develop coping mechanisms or resilience, leading to a decrease in general stress levels over time.

Quiz 13: Stress and Health