The unpreparedness of U.S.forces at Pearl Harbor and the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba have been cited as examples for:
A) role ambiguity.
B) role conflict.
C) risky shift position.
D) groupthink.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The best choice is D, as both Pearl Harbor and the Bay of Pigs invasion are classic examples of groupthink, the phenomenon where a group of individuals make irrational or flawed decisions due to pressure to conform and avoid dissent. In both cases, there was a strong consensus among the decision-makers that the plan would be successful, despite warnings or evidence to the contrary. This led to a lack of critical thinking and an underestimation of the risks involved, with devastating consequences.

The Unpreparedness of U