Question 1

Which sociologist suggested that modernity was a time when each person was a unique combination of overlapping group affiliations?

Accepted Answer

Georg Simmel suggested that modernity was a time when each person was a unique combination of overlapping group affiliations.

Question 2

What is the difference between a social movement and a ritual? Give examples of each.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

What are the two types of collective action? Give examples of membership.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

The aftermath of war demonstrates how ____________ can be a major force in social change.

Accepted Answer

War is a form of conflict, and its aftermath often leads to significant changes in society. This can include the redistribution of power and resources, the displacement of populations, the emergence of new social norms and identities, and the transformation of political systems. In some cases, war can lead to positive social change, such as the establishment of human rights and democratic institutions, while in other cases it can perpetuate and deepen existing inequalities and injustices. Overall, the aftermath of war highlights the role that conflict can play in shaping social structures and relationships.

Question 5

A building that breaks the traditional rules of architecture and borrows liberally from several genres in order to create a new and unique style is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Postmodern architecture often combines elements from various styles in a playful or ironic way, and intentionally breaks with traditional rules and conventions.

Question 6

Social change:

Accepted Answer

Social change can be caused by a variety of factors, including economic, technological, and cultural changes. While social movements can certainly play a role in promoting change, they are not the only factor. Additionally, social change can occur over a wide range of time periods, from very rapid shifts to changes that take centuries to fully unfold. Conflict can also be a factor in social change, but it is not the only mechanism through which change occurs.

Question 7

Max Weber believed that modernity emerged from what movement?

Accepted Answer

Max Weber believed that modernity emerged from the Protestant Reformation because he argued that Protestantism created a new focus on individualism, hard work, and frugality that led to the development of capitalism and the modern world.

Question 8

How does a dialectic work?

Accepted Answer

Dialectic refers to the process of conflict and resolution, where opposing ideas or forces are brought together to create a synthesis or new understanding. This can lead to social change as the synthesis may challenge traditional ideas and lead to new ways of thinking and acting.

Question 9

Research discovering the link between smoking and cancer has led to decreases in cigarette smoking in the past several decades.This demonstrates the role that ____________ can play in social change.

Accepted Answer

The discovery of the link between smoking and cancer represents a new idea. The dissemination of this information to the public has contributed to a decrease in cigarette smoking, demonstrating the power of new ideas to bring about social change.

Question 10

A society that relies purely on tradition to choose its leaders would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

A society that relies purely on tradition to choose its leaders would be classified as premodern, as this indicates a society that has not yet undergone the modernization process and still heavily relies on custom and traditional ways of life. Postmodern societies tend to challenge and critique traditional ways of thinking, while modern societies often prioritize science, technology, and rationality. Early modern societies underwent significant changes in terms of political structures and social norms, but tradition was not the sole determining factor in leadership selection.

Question 11

Rap music,the Seagram Building in New York City,and the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris are cultural examples from which time period?

Accepted Answer

All three examples - rap music, the Seagram Building, and the Centre Georges Pompidou - are from the postmodern period, which is characterized by a rejection of modernist principles, a focus on fragmentation and plurality, and a blurring of boundaries between high and low culture.

Question 12

New technologies like the Internet and social media are major contributors to rapid social:

Accepted Answer

New technologies like the Internet and social media allow for the rapid spread of information and ideas, connecting people and creating new opportunities for communication, collaboration, and activism. This has led to significant social change in areas such as politics, culture, and commerce. While it may also contribute to social unrest or deviance in some cases, the overall impact has been towards rapid social change.

Question 13

Discuss the theories of collective action: convergence theory,contagion theory,and emergent norm theory.

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

In the 1830s,Alexis de Tocqueville visited the United States from France and called the United States a "land of joiners." What did he mean by this and how did this affect people's individual identities?

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

How does the dialectic theory assume social change occurs?

Accepted Answer

The dialectic theory assumes that social change occurs out of conflict between opposing forces or ideas. It posits that the clash of opposing forces or ideas creates a new synthesis that incorporates elements of both, thus leading to social change. This process is often seen as cyclical rather than linear or peaceful, as the synthesis may eventually become the dominant force and clash with a new opposing force or idea.

Question 16

Environmental activists who wish to ban all carbon emissions spur a counter movement by manufacturers whose factories must emit some pollutants to operate at a profit.When these two groups come together to formulate new environmental policies,it is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A dialectic is a process of resolving conflicts and contradictions between two opposing groups by finding a synthesis or compromise. In this scenario, the environmental activists and manufacturers are opposing groups with conflicting interests, but they are coming together to formulate new environmental policies, which implies a dialectic is taking place.

Question 17

Which is one of the major breaks characterizing the postmoderm period and differentiating it from the modern period?

Accepted Answer

The postmodern period is marked by an appreciation of many different ways of knowing and understanding, which differentiates it from the modern period that placed a stronger emphasis on rationality and scientific knowledge.

Question 18

What is a social movement? Describe the four types of social movements and give examples.

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Question 19

The Yes Men activists have been very successful at "culture jamming." They have impersonated the U.S.Chamber of Commerce,the leadership of the World Trade Organization,and several other government officials.They are attempting to create social change through impersonation and satire.Discuss your personal impressions of this method of social movement.Do you feel this is ethical behavior? Is unethical behavior ever a necessary component of a social movement? At what stage of a social movement do you feel this type of behavior fits?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

In what ways does collective action affect the development of individual identity? Write a couple of paragraphs defining who you are in terms of the effects of collective action.Using examples,what are the benefits of group affiliation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what ways does collective action affect...

Quiz 18: Collective Action, Social Movements, and Social Change