Question 1

Situational influences on our food consumption have prompted psychologists to emphasize

Accepted Answer

The term "ecology of eating" refers to how our food choices and consumption are influenced by various situational factors such as social norms, cultural practices, marketing, availability, and sensory cues. This concept emphasizes the complex interplay of individual, social, and environmental factors in shaping our eating behavior. Choice A refers to the tendency to perform better in the presence of others, which may or may not influence food consumption. Choice B refers to the hypothetical weight range that the body defends, which is not directly related to situational influences on food consumption. Choice D is one situational factor, but does not encompass the broader ecological perspective.

Question 2

When an organism's weight falls below its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n)________ in hunger and a(n)________ in its basal metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

When an organism's weight falls below its set point, it experiences an increase in hunger to encourage eating and a decrease in its basal metabolic rate to conserve energy, helping to restore the body weight back to its set point.

Question 3

Some researchers prefer the term settling point to set point because the typical body weight of an adult is influenced by

Accepted Answer

The typical body weight of an adult is influenced by both environmental and biological factors, such as diet, physical activity, genetics, and socio-cultural influences. This is why some researchers prefer the term "settling point" rather than "set point," because it acknowledges the dynamic and complex nature of body weight regulation. While basal metabolic rate and appetite hormones play a role in regulating body weight, they are also subject to environmental and biological influences. The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus is an important brain region involved in appetite regulation, but it is also influenced by various other factors.

Question 4

The body's resting rate of energy output is known as its

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolic rate is the body's resting rate of energy expenditure. It is the amount of energy required to maintain vital body functions, such as breathing, circulation, and organ function, while at rest.

Question 5

Murial often tastes free samples of different foods while grocery shopping.She eats many more of these free samples when the grocery store is crowded with shoppers than when there are only a few other shoppers.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation refers to the tendency for people to perform better on a task when in the presence of others, or to engage in behavior more frequently or intensively. In this case, the presence of other shoppers is increasing Murial's willingness to eat the free samples.

Question 6

French waistlines are smaller than American waistlines in part because the French offer foods in smaller portion sizes than do Americans.If so,this would best illustrate the importance of

Accepted Answer

The statement highlights how the environment, specifically the portion sizes offered, can influence eating habits and overall energy intake. This is an example of the ecology of eating, which refers to the interplay between the environment and the individual in shaping eating behaviors and patterns.

Question 7

The consumption of carbohydrates is most likely to

Accepted Answer

Consuming carbohydrates can lead to an increase in serotonin levels, which helps regulate mood and can reduce stress.

Question 8

A violent illness that follows our eating of a particular food is likely to influence our taste preferences.This illustrates that taste preferences are influenced by

Accepted Answer

Learning experiences such as associating a particular food with a negative experience (e.g. getting sick) can influence our future taste preferences and aversions towards that food. The other options - basal metabolic rate, the ecology of eating, and the settling point - do not relate to this specific phenomenon.

Question 9

Although Jana's weight has been stable for 10 years,during the past month her weight has dropped more than 10 percent below her set point.It is likely that Jana is experiencing a(n)________ in hunger and a(n)________ in basal metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

When someone's weight drops significantly below their set point, the body typically responds by increasing hunger to encourage calorie intake and decreasing basal metabolic rate to conserve energy, thus C (increase in hunger and decrease in basal metabolic rate) is correct.

Question 10

Yu-Fin,who lives in China,typically eats fried caterpillars,scorpions,and grilled dog meat.It is very likely that Yu-Fin

Accepted Answer

Yu-Fin's eating habits are likely influenced by social and cultural factors, as these types of foods are part of traditional Chinese cuisine and have been consumed in certain regions for centuries. This does not necessarily indicate that Yu-Fin is poor, mentally ill, or eating at a college cafeteria.

Question 11

A dislike of the tastes of certain foods during pregnancy tends to peak when the developing embryo is most vulnerable to

Accepted Answer

The developing embryo is most vulnerable to toxins during pregnancy, and a dislike of certain foods may be the body's way of avoiding potentially harmful substances. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. The other options (A, B, and C) do not relate to the vulnerability of the developing embryo to toxins during pregnancy.

Question 12

Carbohydrates such as pasta,chips,and sweets help boost levels of the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates can increase levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain, which can contribute to feelings of happiness and well-being.

Question 13

Lorissa is a fussy eater who refuses to take even a small taste of foods she has not seen before.Her behavior best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Lorissa's behavior is consistent with neophobia, which is a fear or reluctance to try new foods. She is refusing to try foods she has not seen before, indicating a fear of the unfamiliar.

Question 14

Jama is stressed out over her argument with her mother.After the argument Jama craves ice cream and potato chips.Eating these high carbohydrate foods is likely to

Accepted Answer

Eating high carbohydrate foods can temporarily boost serotonin levels in the brain, which has a calming effect and can reduce stress. This is why people often crave such foods when they're feeling stressed or upset.

Question 15

When encouraged to eat as much as they want,people tend to eat less if the foods are offered in smaller rather than larger portion sizes.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

This scenario demonstrates that portion size has a significant impact on the amount of food people consume, indicating the importance of portion control for weight management.

Question 16

Stacey has just finished eating lunch with her friends.After leaving the restaurant she realizes that she has overeaten.Which of the following is a possible explanation for Stacey's overeating?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that the presence of others can amplify our natural behavior tendencies, including our tendency to overeat. This phenomenon is known as social facilitation.

Question 17

A drop in basal metabolic rate is most likely to result from

Accepted Answer

A drop in basal metabolic rate is commonly associated with a decrease in energy intake or a semistarvation diet. This is a survival mechanism for the body to conserve energy during times of shortage or famine.

Question 18

The concept of a set point best illustrates an explanation of motivation in terms of

Accepted Answer

The concept of a set point refers to the body's tendency to maintain a certain level of internal stability or balance, also known as homeostasis. This set point regulates various bodily functions, including hunger and thirst, in order to maintain a stable internal environment.

Question 19

After eating a normal lunch,two patients readily consumed a second lunch 20 minutes later because they had

Accepted Answer

The patients consumed a second lunch because they had no memory of the previous meal, indicating a possible issue with their memory function rather than their physiological hunger or satiety signals.

Question 20

Donna has gained several pounds since she has been friends with Katie and Sasha,who are both obese.Donna finds that she now tends to eat more unhealthy foods,and much larger portions of them.Donna's change in diet and weight can be explained by

Accepted Answer

Donna's change in diet and weight can be explained by social influence, as she has been influenced by her obese friends' eating habits and behaviors. This is a common phenomenon where individuals tend to conform to the eating behaviors of their social group.

Quiz 33: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Situational influences on our food consumption have prompted psychologists to emphasize

When an organism's weight falls below its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n) in hunger and a(n) in its basal metabolic rate.

Some researchers prefer the term settling point to set point because the typical body weight of an adult is influenced by

The body's resting rate of energy output is known as its

Murial often tastes free samples of different foods while grocery shopping.She eats many more of these free samples when the grocery store is crowded with shoppers than when there are only a few other shoppers.This best illustrates the impact of

French waistlines are smaller than American waistlines in part because the French offer foods in smaller portion sizes than do Americans.If so,this would best illustrate the importance of

The consumption of carbohydrates is most likely to

A violent illness that follows our eating of a particular food is likely to influence our taste preferences.This illustrates that taste preferences are influenced by

Although Jana's weight has been stable for 10 years,during the past month her weight has dropped more than 10 percent below her set point.It is likely that Jana is experiencing a(n) in hunger and a(n) in basal metabolic rate.

Yu-Fin,who lives in China,typically eats fried caterpillars,scorpions,and grilled dog meat.It is very likely that Yu-Fin

A dislike of the tastes of certain foods during pregnancy tends to peak when the developing embryo is most vulnerable to

Carbohydrates such as pasta,chips,and sweets help boost levels of the neurotransmitter

Lorissa is a fussy eater who refuses to take even a small taste of foods she has not seen before.Her behavior best illustrates

Jama is stressed out over her argument with her mother.After the argument Jama craves ice cream and potato chips.Eating these high carbohydrate foods is likely to

When encouraged to eat as much as they want,people tend to eat less if the foods are offered in smaller rather than larger portion sizes.This illustrates

Stacey has just finished eating lunch with her friends.After leaving the restaurant she realizes that she has overeaten.Which of the following is a possible explanation for Stacey's overeating?

A drop in basal metabolic rate is most likely to result from

The concept of a set point best illustrates an explanation of motivation in terms of

After eating a normal lunch,two patients readily consumed a second lunch 20 minutes later because they had

Donna has gained several pounds since she has been friends with Katie and Sasha,who are both obese.Donna finds that she now tends to eat more unhealthy foods,and much larger portions of them.Donna's change in diet and weight can be explained by

Quiz 33: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Situational influences on our food consumption have prompted psychologists to emphasize

When an organism's weight falls below its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n) ________ in hunger and a(n) ________ in its basal metabolic rate.

Some researchers prefer the term settling point to set point because the typical body weight of an adult is influenced by

The body's resting rate of energy output is known as its

Murial often tastes free samples of different foods while grocery shopping.She eats many more of these free samples when the grocery store is crowded with shoppers than when there are only a few other shoppers.This best illustrates the impact of

French waistlines are smaller than American waistlines in part because the French offer foods in smaller portion sizes than do Americans.If so,this would best illustrate the importance of

The consumption of carbohydrates is most likely to

A violent illness that follows our eating of a particular food is likely to influence our taste preferences.This illustrates that taste preferences are influenced by

Although Jana's weight has been stable for 10 years,during the past month her weight has dropped more than 10 percent below her set point.It is likely that Jana is experiencing a(n) ________ in hunger and a(n) ________ in basal metabolic rate.

Yu-Fin,who lives in China,typically eats fried caterpillars,scorpions,and grilled dog meat.It is very likely that Yu-Fin

A dislike of the tastes of certain foods during pregnancy tends to peak when the developing embryo is most vulnerable to

Carbohydrates such as pasta,chips,and sweets help boost levels of the neurotransmitter

Lorissa is a fussy eater who refuses to take even a small taste of foods she has not seen before.Her behavior best illustrates

Jama is stressed out over her argument with her mother.After the argument Jama craves ice cream and potato chips.Eating these high carbohydrate foods is likely to

When encouraged to eat as much as they want,people tend to eat less if the foods are offered in smaller rather than larger portion sizes.This illustrates

Stacey has just finished eating lunch with her friends.After leaving the restaurant she realizes that she has overeaten.Which of the following is a possible explanation for Stacey's overeating?

A drop in basal metabolic rate is most likely to result from

The concept of a set point best illustrates an explanation of motivation in terms of

After eating a normal lunch,two patients readily consumed a second lunch 20 minutes later because they had

Donna has gained several pounds since she has been friends with Katie and Sasha,who are both obese.Donna finds that she now tends to eat more unhealthy foods,and much larger portions of them.Donna's change in diet and weight can be explained by

When an organism's weight falls below its set point,the organism is likely to experience a(n) in hunger and a(n) in its basal metabolic rate.

Although Jana's weight has been stable for 10 years,during the past month her weight has dropped more than 10 percent below her set point.It is likely that Jana is experiencing a(n) in hunger and a(n) in basal metabolic rate.