Question 1

If speed of nutrient uptake is directly proportional to surface area-to-volume ratio (S:V), then a fungal mycelium with an S:V of 4:1 will have nutrient uptake that is _______ as fast as one with an S:V of 8:1.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If speed of nutrient uptake is directly...

Question 2

The body of a multicellular fungus is called a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The body of a multicellular fungus is...

Question 3

Which of the following can produce carcinogenic aflatoxins when growing on certain kinds of grains, beans, nuts?

Accepted Answer

Aspergillus molds are known to produce carcinogenic aflatoxins when growing on certain kinds of grains, beans, nuts.

Question 4

A landscaping firm has been hired to replant a hillside whose vegetation (primarily elm trees) has been decimated by an outbreak of Dutch elm disease.The landscapers decide to introduce new elm trees that have been engineered to contain a fungicide (a chemical toxic to organisms containing chitin).Despite their best efforts, these new trees fail to thrive after planting.What is the most likely explanation for their failure to grow?

Accepted Answer

The introduction of a fungicide engineered into the new elm trees likely kills the fungi that are normally present that form mycorrhizal associations with the tree's roots, which means that nutrient availability for the plant is reduced. This lack of nutrients could explain the trees' failure to thrive after planting.

Question 5

Which is not a benefit of using lichen as an indicator of air quality over traditional methods?

Accepted Answer

Lichens do not grow quickly and do not provide real-time updates to scientists regarding environmental conditions. They grow slowly and respond to changes in air quality over a longer period of time, making them useful for assessing long-term trends but not for immediate monitoring.

Question 6

The sister groups to the fungi are the _______ and the animals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sister groups to the fungi are...

Question 7

Which of the following is beneficial for the establishment of seedlings in reforestation?

Accepted Answer

Mycorrhizae are beneficial for the establishment of seedlings in reforestation as they form a symbiotic relationship with the tree roots, helping them absorb nutrients and water from the soil, and promoting their growth and survival. Lichens, yeasts, and molds are not as beneficial for seedling establishment in reforestation.

Question 8

The body of a multicellular fungus is composed of individual rapidly growing tubular filaments called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The body of a multicellular fungus is...

Question 9

The gills of a mushroom are specialized for

Accepted Answer

The gills of a mushroom are specialized for reproduction. They contain spores, which are used by the mushroom to reproduce and spread to new areas.

Question 10

Which of the following is not one of the medical, ecological, commercial, or industrial uses of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Production of carbohydrates is not a known use of fungi. Fungi themselves are known to produce and use carbohydrates as a source of energy, but they are not used for the production of carbohydrates.

Question 11

Fungi are heterotrophic organisms with absorptive nutrition that contain _______ in their cell walls.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fungi are heterotrophic organisms with absorptive nutrition...

Question 12

Which of the following is an important source of citric acid production for food preservation and flavor?

Accepted Answer

Aspergillus molds are a common source of citric acid production through fermentation, and are often used in the food industry for preservation and flavoring.

Question 13

Spores of club fungi form on the surface of a(n)

Accepted Answer

Spores of club fungi form on the surface of a basidium, which is a specialized structure found in the reproductive stage of these fungi.

Question 14

Which of the following are used as an air quality indicator because of their sensitivity to atmospheric pollutants?

Accepted Answer

Lichens are commonly used as air quality indicators because they are very sensitive to atmospheric pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Question 15

_______ produce antibiotic chemicals that can be used to treat bacterial infections.

Accepted Answer

Penicillium molds are well-known for producing the antibiotic penicillin, which can be used to treat bacterial infections. The other options (lichens, mycorrhizae, yeasts, and Aspergillus molds) do not have a reputation for producing antibiotic chemicals.

Question 16

Which of the following is used in the production of beer and wine?

Accepted Answer

Yeasts are used in the production of beer and wine for fermentation. They convert the sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide, which gives beer and wine their characteristic flavors and textures.

Question 17

Free-living unicellular forms of several types of fungi (sac, zygospore, and club fungi) are known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Free-living unicellular forms of several types of...

Question 18

The cell walls of all fungi consist of the polysaccharide _______, which is also found in some animals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cell walls of all fungi consist...

Question 19

Fungi can be important for the establishment and subsequent growth of tree seedlings in reforestation because they

Accepted Answer

Fungi form mycorrhizal associations with plant roots, which help in nutrient exchange. In reforestation, fungi can enhance phosphorus uptake by the seedlings through these associations, which is crucial for their growth and establishment.

Question 20

Individual filaments that anchor chytrids and some other fungi to their substrate are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individual filaments that anchor chytrids and some...

Quiz 29: The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi