Question 1

One chelicerate group, the _______, consists of important terrestrial predators.

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Question 2

Many familiar marine arthropods are crabs, lobsters, and shrimps, all of which are _______.

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Question 3

The immature stages of insects between molts are called _______.

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Question 4

The organisms shown in the figure are lophotrochozoans.  The lophophore is thought to have either evolved independently at least twice, or it is an ancestral feature and has been lost in many groups.Based on the figure, propose an argument as to which of these two statements is correct.

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Question 5

Refer to the figure.  Label the lettered structures with the following: lophophore tentacles, mouth, anus, outer covering (chitinous tube), and gut.Is the organism a phoronid or an ecdysozoan?

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Question 6

Trichinella is a(n) _______ that is parasitic in humans.

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Question 7

Hexapods and most crustaceans have tripartite body plans that include, listed anterior to posterior, the _______, the _______, and the _______.

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Question 8

A researcher finds a hard, chitinous exoskeleton with eight appendages attached to the cephalothorax.This exoskeleton most likely came from a(n) _______.

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Question 9

Scientists have not found a fossilized body of the species that is the common ancestor of all bilaterally symmetrical animals.What is the likelihood that they will do so? How have scientists been able to learn about this common ancestor?

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Question 10

The oligochaetes are _______; each organism has both male and female sex organs.

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Question 11

The following are all characteristics of earthworms: segmented bodies, a spiral cleavage pattern, a terrestrial lifestyle, a complete gut, a blastopore that develops into a mouth, tight junctions between cells, and bilateral symmetry.In what order did these characteristics evolve?

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Question 12

Centipedes and millipedes are _______.

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Question 13

Monarch butterflies exhibit _______, in which a larval wormlike caterpillar feeds on milkweed plants, pupates, and emerges as an adult winged butterfly.

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Question 14

Squids and octopuses are known as _______ mollusks because of their large heads with associated long, multiple feet.

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Question 15

Many crustacean species have a fold of exoskeleton called a(n) _______ that extends dorsally and laterally from the head to cover and protect some body segments.

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Question 16

Only females are known among the bdelloid rotifers, and they are thought to have existed tens of millions of years without regular sexual reproduction.Long-term asexual reproduction typically leads to extinction.What are some of the drawbacks of long-term asexual reproduction? How have bdelloid rotifers been able to avoid this problem?

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Question 17

A distinguishing feature of mollusks is the _______, a sheet of specialized tissue that covers the internal organs like a body wall, and that also secretes a shell.

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Question 18

In Work with the Data , you were asked to make many assumptions to estimate the number of species of insects on Earth.Do you think these assumptions are reasonable? Why or why not? Would you argue for a different set of assumptions? How do you think these changes in assumptions would affect your calculations? Can you think of ways to test these assumptions?

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Question 19

Arthropods have a rigid exoskeleton that prevents wormlike movement; instead, they move using _______ that are manipulated by muscles.

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Question 20

If a person orders calamari (squid) at a restaurant, the mollusks they have ordered are _______.

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Quiz 31: Protostome Animals