A Nurse Evaluates a Client's Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Pump and Notices

A nurse evaluates a client's patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump and notices 100 attempts within a 30-minute period. Which is the best rationale for assessing this client for substance dependence?

A) Narcotic pain medication is contraindicated for all clients with active substance-abuse problems.
B) Clients who are dependent on alcohol or benzodiazepines may have developed cross-tolerance to analgesics and require increased doses to achieve effective pain control.
C) There is no need to assess the client for substance dependence.There is an obvious PCA malfunction.
D) The client is experiencing symptoms of withdrawal and needs to be accurately assessed for lorazepam (Ativan) dosage.