Why Is the Creation of Political Parties Necessary in a Representative

Why is the creation of political parties necessary in a representative democracy?

A) They are necessary mechanisms to ensure that the individuals we choose to represent us are responsive and responsible.
B) The existence of political parties is necessary to ensure order in a democracy, otherwise anarchy would exist.
C) They are necessary mechanisms to ensure accountability of elected officials through the exercising of a variety of controls on politicians.
D) Political parties provide elected officials with support and legal strength when confronted by corrupt special interest groups.
E) They are necessary to maintain balance and order and to prevent any single person from gaining too much strength politically.