Question 1

A patient tells a nurse, "I can't remember anything right before or after my wreck, but the officer told me that I left lots of black marks trying to stop." The nurse explains to the patient:

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response, stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system, releases adrenaline which helps enhance our ability to react quickly in an emergency situation. This is likely what caused the patient to leave black marks while trying to stop their vehicle during the wreck.

Question 2

A nurse educator explains to student nurses that according to Selye, the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is a theory explaining how the body attempts to adjust to stress. It was proposed by Hans Selye, a pioneering endocrinologist, who described three stages of this response: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. It does not prevent death, is not validated by how many people are struggling with terminal illnesses, and does not prevent the threat to health when there is long-term stress.

Question 3

A nurse instructs a patient, "You can decrease your risks for developing many diseases and illnesses by developing healthy habits and participating in health screenings." The patient validates understanding when he or she states:

Accepted Answer

Option C reflects an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the nurse's statement. It acknowledges the patient's responsibility in maintaining a healthy lifestyle and seeking routine health screenings. Option A mentions only one aspect of healthy habits and may not apply to all individuals, while option B may not be an accurate statement for all patients either. Option D suggests self-medicating, which is not recommended without consulting a healthcare provider.

Question 4

A patient tells a nurse that she recently lost her job and that ever since, she has been going home and verbally abusing her spouse and child. The patient has lost all of her friends and feels confused. This patient is presenting the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

The patient is using displacement as a defense mechanism by taking her frustration about losing her job and taking it out on her spouse and child at home.

Question 5

A patient being seen in the clinic tells a nurse, "The pain is in my right side." The patient's phase of illness is

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient being seen in the clinic...

Question 6

An instructor explains that patients may need a nurse's assistance to help cope with the stress of hospitalization. The nurse validates understanding by

Accepted Answer

All the options provided are valid ways a nurse can assist patients in coping with the stress of hospitalization. Using appropriate humor can lighten the mood and reduce stress, providing comfort measures like a back massage can help the patient relax physically, and explaining procedures or treatments beforehand can reduce anxiety by making the unknown known.

Question 7

A nurse instructor explains that health-care professionals should assess their patients' abilities to comprehend and understand basic health-care information, and use that information to make good decisions about their health. This type of assessment is known as

Accepted Answer

The assessment described in the question is related to the concept of health literacy, which involves assessing a patient's ability to understand basic health information and make informed decisions about their health. A and B are both concepts related to overall health status and well-being, while Fitzpatrick's rhythm model is a nursing theory related to the nursing process.

Question 8

A 42-year-old female patient who was just admitted states, "I must be under too much stress. I just do not feel well." The nurse understands that her complaint could be a symptom of stress and is not surprised to find that

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure is a common physical symptom of stress, so it is not surprising that the patient's blood pressure is elevated. The other choices are not necessarily directly related to stress.

Question 9

A patient calls the clinic complaining of a sore throat and congestion. He is not sure whether he should come to the clinic, wait to see if the symptoms resolve, or treat himself with over-the-counter products. This patient's phase of illness is the

Accepted Answer

The symptomatic phase is when a patient recognizes symptoms and begins to consider what action to take, such as seeking medical advice or self-treatment.

Question 10

A patient who has been sexually abused continues to describe the situation as if it happened to a friend instead. This patient is presenting the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

The patient is using dissociation as a defense mechanism, which involves mentally separating oneself from one's emotions or experiences. In this case, the patient may be dissociating from the trauma of their abuse by describing it as happening to a friend instead of acknowledging it as happening to themselves.

Question 11

When questioned about the automobile accident that brought him into the hospital, the patient began to cry loudly. The patient then proceeded to curl up in a ball on the bed and suck his thumb. This patient is presenting the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

The patient's response of crying loudly and then curling up in a ball and sucking his thumb suggests a regression to an earlier stage of development characterized by behaviors associated with a lack of emotional regulation and security. The patient's behavior can be seen as an attempt to cope with the stress and anxiety of the situation by reverting to an earlier, safer state.

Question 12

A nurse discusses with a patient ways to improve health and prevent disease. The nurse suggests that the patient

Accepted Answer

Participating in stress-management techniques can improve overall health and prevent disease. Using emergency and urgent care for routine care is not appropriate and can lead to unnecessary expenses. Focusing solely on calorie counting can neglect the importance of a balanced diet and nutrient intake. Eliminating entire food groups without the supervision of a healthcare professional can lead to nutritional deficiencies.

Question 13

An elderly patient with a history of congestive heart failure was just admitted for chest pain. The patient asks a nurse, "Why did my chest pain begin after I thought someone was trying to break into my house?" The best response by the nurse is:

Accepted Answer

Fear and stress can increase the body's demand for oxygen, which can cause chest pain in patients with congestive heart failure. This is because their weakened heart is unable to meet the increased oxygen demands that result from heightened stress or fear, placing additional stress on the already compromised cardiovascular system.

Question 14

A male patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was brought to the hospital by emergency personnel. He lives alone, has no relatives or friends living nearby, and lives on a fixed income, which prevents him from purchasing all of the medications that he needs. Based on Dunn's wellness grid, a nurse determines that the patient's quadrant is

Accepted Answer

The patient's poor health status due to severe COPD and lack of necessary medication, coupled with an unfavorable environment (living alone on a fixed income) places the patient in the quadrant of poor health in an unfavorable environment according to Dunn's wellness grid.

Question 15

A nurse educator explains to student nurses Fitzpatrick's rhythm model theory. According to this theory, a patient's health

Accepted Answer

Fitzpatrick's rhythm model theory states that an individual's health is the result of the interaction between the individual and the environment. This theory emphasizes that health is always changing and fluctuating, rather than a static state. It also takes into consideration the individual's promotion of physical well-being.

Question 16

A patient who is admitted for observation following an episode of chest pain relieved by rest and two nitroglycerin tablets tells a nurse that his job as CEO of a large firm is becoming too much to handle. According to Selye, the nurse suspects that the patient most likely is experiencing

Accepted Answer

The patient's chest pain and stress related to his job as CEO suggest he is experiencing the exhaustion phase of stress, as described by Selye. This phase occurs when a person's stress response has been activated repeatedly, leading to physical and emotional exhaustion.

Question 17

A very ill patient is admitted to the hospital with severe symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea that have lasted almost 24 hours. Once discovering that the patient may have ingested contaminated food, a nurse was able to identify this as a(n)

Accepted Answer

The onset of symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, being sudden and severe, and lasting less than six months suggests an acute illness. The fact that the patient may have ingested contaminated food further indicates an acute gastrointestinal infection. A chronic illness would last longer than six months, while an exacerbation refers to the worsening of an already existing condition, and a remission refers to a period of improvement or absence of symptoms in a chronic illness.

Question 18

A patient at the clinic is complaining to a nurse that she has no specific symptoms, but that her body aches, she is fatigued, and she just does not feel good. This patient's phase of illness is the

Accepted Answer

The prodromal phase is characterized by the onset of general symptoms such as fatigue and body aches before more specific symptoms develop. This phase indicates the beginning of an illness, where the patient starts to feel unwell but the symptoms are not specific enough to identify the illness.

Question 19

A nurse explains to a patient that health is measured on a continuum scale and that

Accepted Answer

The statement "the higher the measurement is, the better one's health is" accurately reflects the concept of a continuum scale for measuring health. The other answer choices are incorrect.

Question 20

A nurse teaches a patient ways to prevent chronic illness and disease by modifying risk factors. The nurse states:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse teaches a patient ways to...

Quiz 7: Promoting Health and Wellness