Which of the following represents an instance where tests of significance are not appropriate:
A) when a total population is being studied
B) when non-probabilistic sampling has been employed
C) where there is a substantial non-participation rate in the study
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Tests of significance are not appropriate when the total population is being studied because the entire population is being examined, and there is no need to generalize the findings to a larger group. Non-probabilistic sampling is also inappropriate for tests of significance because it lacks randomness and may not reflect the larger population accurately. In cases where there is a substantial non-participation rate in the study, the results may not be representative of the desired population. Therefore, in all these instances, tests of significance are not appropriate.

Which of the Following Represents an Instance Where Tests of Significance