Question 1

Alcohols can be dehydrated to form alkenes.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Dehydration refers to the removal of water, and when an alcohol is dehydrated, water is removed from the molecule, leaving a double bond and forming an alkene.

Question 2

The carbonyl group does not have a dipole.

Accepted Answer

The carbonyl group is a polar functional group. The oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity than the carbon atom, causing a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the carbon. This results in a dipole moment.

Question 3

Alcohols with more than four carbons are insoluble in water.

Accepted Answer

This is because, as the chain length of the alcohol increases, the hydrophobic (water-repelling) portion of the molecule becomes more dominant than the hydrophilic (water-attracting) portion, making it difficult for the alcohol to dissolve in water.

Question 4

Acetone is a three-carbon aldehyde.

Accepted Answer

Acetone is a three-carbon ketone, not an aldehyde.

Question 5

This compound is an aldehyde.

Accepted Answer

Based on the IUPAC naming conventions, a compound that ends in "-al" indicates that it is an aldehyde. Therefore, the compound in the given code is an aldehyde.

Question 6

Phenols behave as weak acids in water.

Accepted Answer

Phenols contain a -OH group which can donate a proton. Hence, they behave as weak acids in water.

Question 7

Ketones will give a positive Tollens' test.

Accepted Answer

Ketones do not react with Tollens' reagent to give a positive test. Only reducing sugars such as glucose will give a positive Tollens' test, as they are oxidized by the reagent to form a silver mirror on the surface of the test tube.

Question 8

In a ketone,the carbonyl group is bonded to two alkyl or aromatic groups.

Accepted Answer

This is true as the general formula for a ketone is R(CO)R', where R and R' are alkyl or aromatic groups bonded to the carbonyl group.

Question 9

The suffix -one indicates an aldehyde in the IUPAC system of naming.

Accepted Answer

The suffix -one indicates a ketone in the IUPAC system of naming, while -al is the suffix used for aldehydes.

Question 10

This alcohol can be oxidized to a ketone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This alcohol can be oxidized to a...

Question 11

A tertiary alcohol can be easily oxidized to a carboxylic acid.

Accepted Answer

Tertiary alcohols cannot be easily oxidized because there is no hydrogen atom attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group, which is necessary for the oxidation process to occur.

Question 12

Acetone is sometimes produced in pathological conditions such as diabetes or following extreme diets.

Accepted Answer

In conditions such as diabetes or extreme dieting, the body may start breaking down fats for energy, resulting in the production of ketones including acetone.

Question 13

All aldehydes have a carbonyl carbon bonded to at least two hydrogens.

Accepted Answer

Aldehydes have a carbonyl carbon bonded to at least one hydrogen and one other group, which can be a hydrogen or a carbon-containing group, not necessarily two hydrogens.

Question 14

The suffix -al indicates an aldehyde in the IUPAC system of naming.

Accepted Answer

This is true. The suffix -al is used to indicate an aldehyde in the IUPAC system of naming.

Question 15

Primary alcohols can be oxidized to either aldehydes or ketones.

Accepted Answer

Primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes, and further oxidation leads to carboxylic acids, not ketones. Ketones are typically formed from the oxidation of secondary alcohols.

Question 16

A secondary alcohol can be easily oxidized to a carboxylic acid.

Accepted Answer

A secondary alcohol is typically oxidized to a ketone, not a carboxylic acid. Oxidation of primary alcohols leads to carboxylic acids.

Question 17

Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones.

Accepted Answer

Secondary alcohols can undergo oxidation reactions using mild or strong oxidizing agents to form ketones as the product. This reaction involves the removal of two hydrogen atoms and a leaving group (usually a proton or a hydrogen ion) from the alcohol molecule.

Question 18

Formaldehyde is used in solution as a germicide and preservative.

Accepted Answer

Formaldehyde is used as a germicide and preservative in solutions, particularly for histology and embalming. It has strong disinfectant properties and is effective against a wide range of microorganisms. Additionally, it is used as a preservative for biological samples and in the manufacture of a variety of products, including plastics, textiles, and cosmetics.

Quiz 12: Alcohols, thiols, ethers, aldehydes, and Ketones