Two types of variation associated with the output of a process are common (random) cause (random) and special cause (nonrandom).

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Common cause variation is inherent in a process and is caused by factors that are consistently present over time, leading to random fluctuations in output. Special cause variation, on the other hand, is caused by one-time events or factors that are outside of the typical range of variation and leads to non-random fluctuations in output. Understanding and differentiating between these two types of variation is important in process improvement and quality control efforts.

Two Types of Variation Associated with the Output of a Process