Question 1

________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Accepted Answer

Personality refers to the unique combination of characteristics, traits, behaviors, and attitudes that make up an individual's way of interacting with others and the world around them. It includes things like approachability, confidence, emotional stability, openness, and social skills, and can influence how we make friends, handle conflict, and engage in relationships. While talent, skill, knowledge, and heredity can certainly play a role in social interactions, they don't capture the full range of personality factors that shape our social style.

Question 2

People who show initiative and perseverance are characteristics of the personality trait known as

Accepted Answer

Initiative and perseverance are key traits of a proactive personality, which is characterized by a tendency to take charge of situations, identify opportunities, and act on them. High extroversion may also involve taking initiative, but it is primarily defined by sociability and assertiveness. Narcissism and Machiavellian traits are associated with manipulative and self-serving behavior rather than persistence and action-taking.

Question 3

Global Accounting is hiring junior accountants to staff the growing business.They are looking for candidates who demonstrate strong organizational skills and attention to detail.Personal drive and discipline is important in this growing accounting firm.The Big Five Personality Trait Global Accounting is focusing on is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The traits mentioned, such as strong organizational skills and attention to detail, as well as personal drive and discipline, are all indicative of high conscientiousness.

Question 4

When Jose passed the new employee's office,he was reminded of Tina,the manager of the sales department; Jose noticed that both seemed to have messy desks with lots of papers piled on them.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of contrast effects, as Jose is comparing the new employee's messy desk to the messy desk of Tina, the manager of the sales department. He is perceiving the new employee's desk as messier because of the comparison to Tina's desk.

Question 5

SCENARIO 2-5 You are the manager of a small retail store and have decided to apply the Big Five Model in order to understand your employees and their work habits.
-Refer to Scenario 2-5.Mike Jackson,one of your newest employees,is an extravert.Which of the following statements best describes Mike at work?

Accepted Answer

The answer of SCENARIO 2-5 You are the manager of...

Question 6

Elaine Chambers works as a research executive at ENVIR Inc.Though her colleagues are helpful and friendly,because of her shy nature,she often eats her lunch at her desk and has limited interactions with them.She is glad that her nature of work does not require her to interact with her co-workers to a high extent.Elaine's personality is characterized by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator referred to as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Elaine Chambers works as a research executive...

Question 7

During an annual performance review,Monty Godfrey commented: "When I look at myself and my performance,I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and something no one else in the organization can achieve.Surprisingly,it has not won me the admiration of my colleagues like it should have.I also believe that I deserve a raise,since without me,this place would likely fall apart." The personality trait that best describes Michel is:

Accepted Answer

Monty Godfrey's comment shows a high level of self-importance and an overly inflated sense of his own abilities, which are typical traits of narcissism.

Question 8

Tycoon Airlines has twelve pilots who are nearing retirement.Therefore,the organization's human resources department is interviewing pilots who have just graduated from flight school.They are looking for candidates who are confident,problem solvers who can remain calm in stressful situations.The Big Five Personality Trait that the successful candidate will have is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Emotional stability, also known as neuroticism, refers to an individual's ability to remain calm in stressful situations. This trait would be particularly important for pilots who may encounter challenging situations while flying.

Question 9

SCENARIO 2-4 Sally is assembling a team to work on a long-term project requiring creativity,stamina,and farsightedness.This project is important for the future growth of Sally's organization and she recognizes that she must succeed.Sally is in the process of selecting individuals who will significantly contribute to the project.The only information available to Sally is the Myers-Briggs type of each individual.Sally must use her knowledge of the four basic characteristics of each person to choose individuals appropriate for various roles.
-Referring to Scenario 2-4,Sally needs to choose a lead person for the team.This person must be a determined and independent visionary.According to Myers-Briggs Type Indicator personality classifications,Sally will probably pick an

Accepted Answer

The description of a determined and independent visionary fits the INTJ personality type, which stands for Introverted, Intuitive, Thinking, and Judging. INTJs are known for their strategic and creative thinking, as well as their ability to handle complex and abstract concepts. They are also independent and self-motivated. Therefore, an INTJ would be the best fit for the lead person role in Sally's team.

Question 10

SCENARIO 2-5 You are the manager of a small retail store and have decided to apply the Big Five Model in order to understand your employees and their work habits.
-Refer to Scenario 2-5.Jane Simpson rates low on conscientiousness.You should expect she would

Accepted Answer

Individuals who score low on conscientiousness tend to be easily distracted and have difficulty with tasks that require attention to detail and organization.

Question 11

What are personality traits?

Accepted Answer

Personality traits are enduring characteristics that describe an individual's behaviour, thoughts, and feelings. These traits are relatively stable over time and across situations, and they help to shape an individual's overall personality. Examples of personality traits include extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience.

Question 12

Judging someone on the basis of one's perception of the group to which that person belongs is known as

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping is judging someone based on preconceived notions or perceptions of the group to which that person belongs, without taking into account their individual qualities or characteristics.

Question 13

SCENARIO 2-4 Sally is assembling a team to work on a long-term project requiring creativity,stamina,and farsightedness.This project is important for the future growth of Sally's organization and she recognizes that she must succeed.Sally is in the process of selecting individuals who will significantly contribute to the project.The only information available to Sally is the Myers-Briggs type of each individual.Sally must use her knowledge of the four basic characteristics of each person to choose individuals appropriate for various roles.
-Refer to Scenario 2-4.Sally needs an individual who is innovative and individualistic to help push the project beyond the normal practices of the company.With strong leadership from others,she wants to find a person who will bring innovative ideas to the team.She will probably choose

Accepted Answer

Sally needs someone who is innovative and individualistic, and someone who can bring new and unique ideas to the team. The ENTP type is known for being innovative, creative, and independent thinkers. They enjoy challenging the status quo and creating new possibilities. Additionally, they have strong leadership skills, making them a good fit for this role.

Question 14

An environmental factor that might influence personality is

Accepted Answer

School experience can influence personality as it can affect a person's social skills, relationships with others, and self-confidence. For example, positive experiences in school can foster social skills and confidence, while negative experiences can lead to social anxiety and self-esteem issues.

Question 15

SCENARIO 2-4 Sally is assembling a team to work on a long-term project requiring creativity,stamina,and farsightedness.This project is important for the future growth of Sally's organization and she recognizes that she must succeed.Sally is in the process of selecting individuals who will significantly contribute to the project.The only information available to Sally is the Myers-Briggs type of each individual.Sally must use her knowledge of the four basic characteristics of each person to choose individuals appropriate for various roles.
-Refer to Scenario 2-4.Sally is also looking for an organized person who will be practical and realistic about timelines and budgets.She will probably pick

Accepted Answer

ESTJs are known for their organizational skills and practicality, making them a good choice for someone who will be realistic about timelines and budgets. They are also reliable and responsible, which is important for a long-term project requiring stamina and farsightedness. While the other types may have strengths in creativity or innovation, they may not be as reliable or practical when it comes to the operational aspects of the project.

Question 16

Marnie Lyon works as a reservation travel clerk at a local travel company.Though her job only requires her to book flights for customers she also has decided to take a training course on how to book hotel reservations.In addition,every evening she reads travel blogs to be more aware of popular travel trends.She loves the travel industry and is eager to learn as much as she can regardless of the limitations of her current job requirements.The Big Five personality trait that best describes Marnie's personality is

Accepted Answer

Marnie's eagerness to learn and explore beyond the limitations of her job requirements indicate a high level of openness to experience, which is one of the Big Five personality traits.

Question 17

Gillian was very upset that others perceived her as lazy.This bothered her so much that she began to neglect her work responsibilities and began to spend most of her time surfing the Internet.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy, as Gillian's belief that she was perceived as lazy led her to engage in behaviors that fulfilled that perception.

Question 18

Self-fulfilling prophecy is a concept that proposes a person will behave

Accepted Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecy suggests that someone will behave in ways that are consistent with how others perceive them. This is often due to how others treat them based on those perceptions, which in turn reinforces the person's behavior. For example, if a teacher perceives a student as lazy and treats them accordingly, the student may internalize those beliefs and begin to act in ways that reflect that perception, such as not doing their homework or skipping class. This behavior then reinforces the teacher's initial perception of the student as lazy. Therefore, the person's behavior is consistent with how they are perceived by others, and not necessarily with their self-interest or self-perception.

Question 19

A term that best describes an extraverted,sensing,thinking,judging person is

Accepted Answer

An extraverted, sensing, thinking, judging person (ESTJ) is known for their strong organizational skills and structured approach to tasks and decisions. They are also very practical and focused on achieving results, which aligns with the description of being organized.

Question 20

SCENARIO 2-5 You are the manager of a small retail store and have decided to apply the Big Five Model in order to understand your employees and their work habits.
-Refer to Scenario 2-5.Which of the five personality dimensions are probably most important in predicting the job performance of your employees?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is important in predicting job performance as it indicates how responsible, organized, and dependable an employee is. Agreeableness is also important as it reflects how well an employee works with others and handles conflicts in the workplace. These two dimensions together can provide insight into an employee's effectiveness as a team player and their ability to complete tasks efficiently and effectively.

Quiz 2: Perception, personality, and Emotions