Zoology 10th Edition by Stephen Miller,John Harley

تمرين 5

Ecosystems are communities plus their physical environment. Energy flows through ecosystems from the sun, through producers, eventually to highest level carnivores. As energy flows, much of it is lost because energy conversions are never 100% efficient. Complexly interconnected food webs depict pathways of energy flowing through ecosystem trophic levels.
What lesson regarding energy and ecosystems is most important when we consider today's ecological problems?