Biochemistry 4th Edition by Christopher Mathews,Kensal van Holde, Dean Appling, Spencer Anthony Cahill

تمرين 17

For parts (a) and (b) of this problem use the following standard reduction potentials, free energies, and nonequilibrium concentrations of reactants and products: pyruvate + NADH + 2H + ethanol + NAD + + CO₂ AG° = 64.4kJ/mol
ATP + H₂ O ADP + P i + H+ G ° = 30.5kJ/mol
(a) Consider the last two steps in the alcoholic fermentation of glucose by brewer's yeast:
Calculate the nonequilibrium concentration of ethanol in yeast cells, if G = 38.3 kJ/mol for this reaction at pH = 7.4 and 37 °C when the reactants and products are at the concentrations given above.
(b) Consider the degradation of glucose to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway:
Calculate G for this reaction at pH = 7.4 and 37 °C.