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Microbiology Fundamentals 2nd Edition by Jennifer Bunn,Marjorie Kelly Cowan
النسخة 2الرقم المعياري الدولي: 978-1259572760Microbiology Fundamentals 2nd Edition by Jennifer Bunn,Marjorie Kelly Cowan
النسخة 2الرقم المعياري الدولي: 978-1259572760 تمرين 1
C A S E F I LE
Getting the Goods
As a nurse working in a busy obstetrics and gynecology practice, my job often included instructing pregnant women in collecting urine samples. Every expectant mother who attended the clinic provided a urine sample at every visit. A pregnant woman is at higher risk of developing urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the increasing weight of her growing uterus, which compresses the bladder and prevents the bladder from draining completely. Urine left behind in the bladder becomes the perfect medium for bacterial growth.
I instructed a young mother how to properly collect a midstream urine sample. I told the patient to fi rst wash her hands. I emphasized that she should ensure that her hands did not come in contact with the rim of the collection container. I further instructed her on how to cleanse the external genitalia with a disposable wipe saturated with povidone-iodine, a potent antimicrobial solution. I reminded her to wipe from front to back to prevent fecal contamination. I told her she was to void a small amount of urine into the toilet, then introduce the collection container into the urine stream, collecting the midstream portion of the urine. She was instructed to put the lid on the collection container, being careful not to touch the rim or the inside of the lid, and then wash her hands. I then donned gloves, wiped the outside of the container and delivered the specimen to the lab, after labeling it with the patient's name, the date and time of collection, and additional identification information.
The laboratory staff examined a small amount of urine under the microscope for the presence of bacteria, red blood cells, white blood cells, and other abnormalities. The lab staff identified the presence of bacteria, and the urine was cultured to identify the microorganism and to test its antibiotic sensitivity. After 48 hours, the culture result came back stating that the sample was contaminated. I informed the patient's physician, who asked that the patient return to provide another urine sample.
• What is a mixed culture? A contaminated culture?
• How might the sample have become contaminated during the collection process?
Getting the Goods
As a nurse working in a busy obstetrics and gynecology practice, my job often included instructing pregnant women in collecting urine samples. Every expectant mother who attended the clinic provided a urine sample at every visit. A pregnant woman is at higher risk of developing urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the increasing weight of her growing uterus, which compresses the bladder and prevents the bladder from draining completely. Urine left behind in the bladder becomes the perfect medium for bacterial growth.
I instructed a young mother how to properly collect a midstream urine sample. I told the patient to fi rst wash her hands. I emphasized that she should ensure that her hands did not come in contact with the rim of the collection container. I further instructed her on how to cleanse the external genitalia with a disposable wipe saturated with povidone-iodine, a potent antimicrobial solution. I reminded her to wipe from front to back to prevent fecal contamination. I told her she was to void a small amount of urine into the toilet, then introduce the collection container into the urine stream, collecting the midstream portion of the urine. She was instructed to put the lid on the collection container, being careful not to touch the rim or the inside of the lid, and then wash her hands. I then donned gloves, wiped the outside of the container and delivered the specimen to the lab, after labeling it with the patient's name, the date and time of collection, and additional identification information.
The laboratory staff examined a small amount of urine under the microscope for the presence of bacteria, red blood cells, white blood cells, and other abnormalities. The lab staff identified the presence of bacteria, and the urine was cultured to identify the microorganism and to test its antibiotic sensitivity. After 48 hours, the culture result came back stating that the sample was contaminated. I informed the patient's physician, who asked that the patient return to provide another urine sample.
• What is a mixed culture? A contaminated culture?
• How might the sample have become contaminated during the collection process?
التوضيح
موثّق
موثّق
Mixed culture is a laboratory culture that contains two or more different strains of microorganisms. So, in mixed culture, multiple strains or species of bacteria are found in one sample. A contaminated culture is the culture, which should be initially pure, but may have growth of unwanted microbes. So, the contaminated culture is the bacteria culture that contains unwanted bacteria.
To collect urine sample, without being contaminated. The patient should follow the given instructions carefully. Any mishandling during the collection can contaminate the urine sample.
For example, the patient would not have washed her hands, before collecting the sample. Since, our hands contain microflora, touching the urine sample, or the rim of the sample container, without washing hands might contaminate the sample.
Or, the patient might not have collected the midstream portion of the urine. Since, vagina contains different microflora, initial urine, which comes out contains different species of bacteria that might contaminate the urine sample.
To collect urine sample, without being contaminated. The patient should follow the given instructions carefully. Any mishandling during the collection can contaminate the urine sample.
For example, the patient would not have washed her hands, before collecting the sample. Since, our hands contain microflora, touching the urine sample, or the rim of the sample container, without washing hands might contaminate the sample.
Or, the patient might not have collected the midstream portion of the urine. Since, vagina contains different microflora, initial urine, which comes out contains different species of bacteria that might contaminate the urine sample.
Microbiology Fundamentals 2nd Edition by Jennifer Bunn,Marjorie Kelly Cowan
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