Economics Today 18th Edition by Roger LeRoy Miller

تمرين 1

In Finland, the Taxman Screams, "Less Ice Cream!
Five-year-old Ciara Hartikainen, of Espoo, Finland, is trying to be brave and hold back her tears as her mother tells her that the light blue truck that has always brought ice cream treats to her neighborhood is making its final stop. Her mother explains to Ciara and her three-year-old brother that the company, which has long operated a fleet of dozens of ice cream trucks across the Scandinavian nation, has decided to park them, probably forever. Indeed, all ice cream producers throughout Finland have been reducing their production. Spaces in grocery freezers allocated to ice cream are shrinking across the land.
Finnish ice cream producers have been reducing the amount of ice cream supplied at all prevailing prices since the government began assessing special taxes on candies, ice cream, and soft drinks in 2010. Initially, the government had intended its tax on sugary delights to serve as a temporary fund-raising measure. Beginning in 2013, however, the government decided to make the tax permanent.
Ciara's mother does not try to explain these details to her young children. All she can say is that perhaps every year for the rest of their lives, companies will be offering less ice cream-an estimateD₂0 percent less-for sale at any given price. The government's tax on sweets has reduced the supply of ice cream.
In which direction has Finland's market ice cream supply curve shifted?