M: Organizational Behavior 2nd Edition by Steven McShane, Mary Von Glinow

تمرين 23

Email and instant messaging have had what effect on the corporate grapevine?
A) These communication media have made it more difficult for the grapevine to operate without the assistance of management.
B) These communication media have increased the efficiency of grapevine communication around the company's global operations, not just to the next cubicle.
C) These communication media have dramatically changed the topics of interest communicated through the corporate grapevine.
D) These media have reduced the scope of organizational grapevine as most information is available to all.
E) These media have brought flexibility and transparency in organizational communication to eradicate the process of grapevine.