Basics of Research Methods for Criminal Justice and Criminology 3rd Edition by Michael Maxfield, William Pasewark, Earl Babbie,Scott Pasewark

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Discuss one of the following statements in terms of what you have learned about the criteria of causation and threats to the validity of causal inference. What cause-and-effect relationships are implied? What are some alternative explanations?
a. Guns don't kill people; people kill people.
b. Capital punishment prevents murder.
c. Marijuana is a gateway drug that leads to the use of other drugs.