Biomedical Engineering: Bridging Medicine and Technology 1st Edition by Veronique Tran,Mark Saltzman

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The blood coming out from a dialyzer should not go directly back to the patient. The FDA requires dialysis machines to include a set of monitors and controls to ensure safety. One of these is a pH sensor to monitor the pH of the blood. Think of three other monitors or detectors you would install into a dialysis device.