Microbiology 9th Edition by Laura Black, Jacquelyn Black

تمرين 7

The potency or effectiveness of chemical antimicrobial agents can be enhanced by increases in exposure time, tempera ture, and concentration of the agent. Which of the following is (are) true about the potency of an antimicrobial agent and an increase in either its acidity or basicity?
(a) Acidic or alkaline pH can increase or decrease the agent's potency.
(b) The pH at which the least ionization occurs for the anti microbial agent is most effective in killing cells.
(c) The pH at which the greatest ionization occurs for the antimicrobial agent is most effective in killing cells.
(d) When an antimicrobial agent reaches its optimal pH, it is more likely to penetrate cells and disrupt their con tents.
(e) a, c, and d