Deck 28: Reproductive System Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of sexually transmitted diseases?

A) fever and malaise
B) congenital malformations
C) pelvic pain
D) burning or itching on urination
E) dyspareunia

Answer 1

congenital malformations

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT true of progestins?

A) Progesterone is an artificially produced progestin.
B) The advantage of using progestin over progesterone is that a lower dose is needed to produce the desired response.
C) They are used to treat amenorrhea from hormone imbalances, for contraception, and for HRT with estrogen preparations.
D) They come in milligrams in oral contraceptives.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Answer 2

Progesterone is an artificially produced progestin.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of testosterone replacement therapy?

A) It is available in water and oil bases for replacement therapy by injection.
B) Testoderm patches should be applied to a shaved scrotum.
C) Androderm patches should be applied to the back, abdomen, arms, or legs with the site changed every 24 hours.
D) The treatment and dosage are the same for all males, regardless of the diagnosis.
E) Transdermal patches should be applied at night to be sure maximum serum levels are achieved by morning.

Answer 3

The treatment and dosage are the same for all males, regardless of the diagnosis.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT true about forms of contraception?

A) Norplant is a subdermal method of contraception containing a synthetic progestin that lasts for approximately 5 years.
B) Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) is a single injection that provides safe and effective contraception for 3 months.
C) All IUDs provide long-term contraception of 8 years and are intrauterine progesterone inserts.
D) Implants, injectables, and IUDs have approximately the same side effects as progestin oral contraceptives.
E) Implants such as Implanon and IUDs have multiple side effects and adverse reactions, which make proper selection for the women choosing contraception an important consideration.

Question 5

The side effects of progestin include all of the following EXCEPT

A) weight gain and swelling of the face and legs
B) headache, mood changes, insomnia, and anxiety
C) galactorrhea and hot flashes
D) weakness and nervousness
E) weight loss and stomach cramping

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT true regarding adrenergic antagonists used in treating BPH?

A) They increase libido; therefore gaining compliance is easy.
B) Persons taking adrenergic antagonists must be careful of "first-dose" orthostatic hypotension.
C) They are useful for patients with both hypertension and prostate disease, as these drugs are also antihypertensives.
D) Side effects include dizziness, syncope, nausea, and bitter taste.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 7

Which of the following does NOT apply to postcoital contraception?

A) It includes either the "morning-after" pill or the "abortion" pill.
B) Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are either estrogen pills or progestin pills, not combination medications.
C) The "morning-after" pill must be taken no longer than 72 hours after unprotected sex.
D) Side effects of ECPs include breast tenderness, ectopic pregnancy, and blood clot formation with symptoms such as shortness of breath, pain in legs, severe abdominal pain, and difficulty speaking.
E) RU-486, the "abortion" pill, must be administered in a physician's office under the direct supervision of the physician on a very explicit schedule.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT true regarding side effects from oral contraceptives?

A) Medications containing only estrogen are associated with venous and arterial thromboembolism.
B) Hypertension risk decreases the longer a woman is on oral contraceptives.
C) Oral contraceptives pose a low risk for cancer.
D) Women with diabetes, heavy smokers, and those with risk factors for cardiovascular disease should not take oral contraceptives.
E) Oral contraceptives may cause gallbladder disease.

Question 9

Which of the following are true of estrogens?

A) They support the development and maintenance of reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics.
B) They are the dominant form of medical therapy for female reproductive system conditions.
C) They reduce LDL levels and raise HDL levels, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women.
D) Conjugated estrogens are from the urine of pregnant mares and synthetic formulas.
E) They do not change the shape of the cornea and have no effect on the fitting of contact lenses.

Question 10

The side effects of testosterone replacement therapy include

A) priapism
B) changes in skin color
C) insomnia, headache, and confusion
D) mouth soreness, constipation, and diarrhea
E) a decrease in libido but never an increase

Question 11

Uses of estrogen include which of the following?

A) adjuvant therapy for certain types of cancer
B) replacement therapy
C) prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
D) b and c
E) all of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of male reproductive tract diseases?

A) oliguria
B) genital lesions
C) frequency, urgency, and pain on urination
D) psychologic response to hormone changes
E) all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of oral contraceptives?

A) Oral contraceptives have made a large impact on socioeconomic conditions in the United States.
B) Newer low-dose oral contraceptives are associated with lower risk for adverse cardiovascular effects.
C) Oral contraceptives are almost 100% effective.
D) All oral contraceptives are combinations of estrogen and progestins.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 14

Which of the following are forms of estrogen preparations?

A) oral
B) parenteral
C) topically
D) vaginally
E) all of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of female reproductive tract diseases?

A) fever and pain in genital region
B) dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, metrorrhagia, menorrhagia
C) frequency and urgency of urination
D) pain in lower abdominal area
E) abnormal vaginal discharge or itching

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true of testosterone?

A) The natural hormone that is used for pharmaceutical preparations is obtained from the testes of bulls.
B) It brings about a sense of well-being and restores mental equilibrium and energy.
C) Its chief use in males is to supplement low levels in hypogonadism or in cryptorchidism.
D) It increases sperm production in infertility.
E) It has no use in females.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy?

A) The goal of treatment is to relieve the bothersome symptoms.
B) Alpha-adrenergic blockers are used to treat patients with relatively small prostate glands.
C) The medications for prostate therapy relax the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and prostate for ease of voiding.
D) Finasteride (Proscar) is the drug of choice for males with large prostate glands.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 18

Which of the following does NOT apply to spermicides and barrier devices as means of contraception?

A) They may be used together for contraception.
B) Spermicides come in gels, foams, creams, and ointments and may be bought OTC.
C) Barrier devices include condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps, which have certain times and methods for application and removal for effectiveness.
D) Barrier devices are moderately effective and protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
E) They both may cause allergic reactions in some people.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true about finasteride (Proscar)?

A) It promotes shrinkage of the prostate.
B) Side effects are increased breast size, rash, stomach and back pain, and impotency.
C) Females of childbearing age whose partners are taking finasteride should use contraception.
D) It is teratogenic to male fetuses.
E) Shrinking of the prostate takes place soon after beginning finasteride therapy.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of medications for the reproductive tract?

A) edema and weight gain with hypertension
B) increased risk of gallbladder disease
C) headache, anxiety, and depression
D) increased risk of thromboembolic and cardiovascular disease
E) vaginal itch

Question 21

Which of the following is true of sildenafil (Viagra)?

A) It was first released to treat hypertension.
B) It is used for erectile dysfunction.
C) It should be used once a day, 1 hour prior to sexual activity.
D) Men taking nitrates should not use sildenafil.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 22

"Depot" administration of estrogens means that the drugs are given in an oil base for slower absorption.

Question 23

All male hormones are called androgens and synthetic androgens.

Question 24

The lowest possible dose of estrogen needed to produce a desired effect should be administered over the shortest period of time.

Question 25

Use of estrogens without added progestin in postmenopausal women increases the risk of endometrial cancer.

Question 26

Oral contraceptives may be taken without concern for cardiovascular events.

Question 27

Sodium and water retention occur with the use of testosterone.

Question 28

Androgens are used in men and women.

Question 29

The activity of all hormones is stopped by negative feedback.

Question 30

Estrogens come in vaginal rings that are pressed into the vaginal canal for continuous release of the medication.

Question 31

Which of the following medication classes is NOT used to treat premenstrual syndrome?

A) progesterone and calcium
B) SSRIs
C) analgesics
D) diuretics
E) benzodiazepines

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT true concerning infertility and its treatment?

A) The major cause of infertility treated by pharmaceutical means is anovulation.
B) Medications for infertility promote the maturation of the follicle and ovulation.
C) Side effects of medications for anovulation include hot flashes, abdominal discomfort, spotting, weakness, visual disturbances, bloating, and photophobia.
D) Medications for infertility must be matched to the cause of infertility, so accurate medical histories are important.
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 33

Blood glucose levels and urine glucose may be elevated in women taking estrogens and progestins.

Question 34

Testosterone preparations are found in parenteral and oral forms.

Question 35

Pain in the right shoulder, jaundice, and chalky stools may be signs of liver toxicity found with androgen use.

Question 36

Testosterone is usually given orally.

Question 37

The chief drugs in the reproductive system are hormones, with some agents stimulating and others blocking hormone secretion.

Question 38

Estrogen patches are applied to moist surfaces of the legs and arms.

Question 39

Estrogens and progestins are often found together in replacement therapy.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT true of medications used to treat endometriosis?

A) Women taking danazol (Danocrine) may become pregnant any time during the treatment of endometriosis.
B) Goserelin (Zoladex) is an injectable implant that is used to treat endometriosis.
C) Danazol is weakly androgenic and may cause masculinization in a female fetus.
D) Nafarelin (Synarel) is the drug of choice for treating endometriosis if future fertility is an issue.
E) Drugs that are used to treat endometriosis may also be used to treat prostate cancer.

Question 41

The abortion pill must be administered within 2 weeks of the last menstrual period to be effective.

Question 42

Anabolic steroids are actually androgens and are often taken by athletes to enhance performance.

Question 43

Long-acting contraceptives are administered by implants, by injection, and by intrauterine devices.

Question 44

Finasteride (Proscar) has several indications, including treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Question 45

Oral contraceptives have no effect on the effectiveness of rifampin, warfarin, phenobarbital, and hypoglycemics.

Question 46

Adjusting the estrogen and progestin content of oral contraceptives will not change the side effects encountered with them.

Question 47

When a person is being treated for infertility, intercourse may occur at any time during the menstrual cycle, and it is assured that pregnancy will occur.

Question 48

"First-dose" dizziness and syncope may occur when bromocriptine (Parlodel) is used to correct amenorrhea.

Question 49

Progestin-only oral contraceptives are called mini-pills.

Question 50

The use of hormones for reproductive problems is usually a sensitive issue for patients, whether male or female, and allied health professionals should be empathetic and discreet in discussing reproductive tract conditions.

Question 51

One of the newest methods of contraception is the transdermal patch, which is applied once a week for 3 weeks, the fourth week being patch free.

Question 52

Oral contraceptives are among the most frequently prescribed medications.

Question 53

Menotropin, hCG, and androgens are used for male infertility.

Question 54

Combination oral contraceptives protect against ovarian and endometrial cancer.

Question 55

Estradiol is the principal endogenous estrogen.

Question 56

When using ECPs, an abortion should be considered if pregnancy is confirmed because of the teratogenicity of medications to the fetus.

Question 57

Breakthrough bleeding, spotting, and breast tenderness are stopped with estrogens and progestins.

Question 58

Estrogens and progesterones may cause a sunburn-like reaction of exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light.

Question 59

The effectiveness of ampicillin and tetracycline is decreased by oral contraceptives.

Question 60

Ibuprofen and naproxen are excellent drugs for dysmenorrhea and are available OTC.

Question 61

Phenobarbital and phenytoin reduce the effects of oral contraceptives.

Question 62

During the first month of oral contraceptive use, other forms of birth control should also be used.

Question 63

Most oral contraceptives are taken for 21-day hormone cycles.

Question 64

Methotrexate may be given with misoprostol to force an abortion.

Question 65

Diazepam and tricyclic antidepressant agents have a greater effect when taken with oral contraceptives.

Question 66

Medroxyprogesterone in depot injection form comes in both intramuscular and subcutaneous availability.

Question 67

Persons with diabetes mellitus may require higher doses of hypoglycemic when taking oral contraceptives.

Question 68

Testosterone may be administered orally but with reduced effectiveness than when administered by other routes.

Question 69

Most oral contraceptives are packed in 21-day sequences followed by 7 days of no pill, an inert pill, or an iron-containing pill.

Question 70

Anabolic steroids have no therapeutic uses.

Question 71

Women taking hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives should have regular gynecological exams.

Question 72

Anabolic steroids may be administered orally, intramuscularly, or topically.

Question 73

Estrogen replacement therapy is seldom used in the United States.

Question 74

Parenteral testosterone is available as aqueous solution, oil base, and depot form.

Question 75

Estrogen and progestin preparations as well as postcoital contraceptives and medications for benign prostatic hypertrophy have pregnancy category X classification.

Question 76

Oral contraceptives may lead to heart disease and an earlier onset of breast cancer in women over 35 who smoke.

Question 77

The chief agents affecting the reproductive system are male and female hormones.

Question 78

If one dose of oral contraceptive is missed, it should be taken the next day; if 2 doses are missed, 2 tablets should be taken on the next 2 days; if 3 days are missed, then 2 tablets must be taken on 3 consecutive days to maintain the cycle of pills.

Question 79

In taking oral contraceptives, excessive weight gain, excessive edema in the extremities, blurred vision, and chest pain should be reported to the physician.

Question 80

Negative feedback has no agents to affect the release of estrogen and progesterone.