Deck 8: Adolescent and Adult Development: Going Through Changes

Question 1

Cursing loudly in church, walking naked down a public street, and stealing other people's property are examples of ______.

A) self-defeating behavior
B) dangerousness
C) socially unacceptable behavior
D) faulty perception of reality

Answer 1

socially unacceptable behavior

Question 2

Threatening to attack others, blow up buildings, or commit suicide are examples of ______.

A) self-defeating behavior
B) faulty perception of reality
C) personal distress
D) dangerousness

Answer 2

dangerousness

Question 3

The current edition of the DSM employs ______ axes.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Answer 3

five

Question 4

Seeing things no one else can see, hearing voices no one else can hear, and believing the CIA or the KGB are out to get you are all examples of ______.

A) self-defeating behavior
B) faulty perception of reality
C) personal distress
D) dangerousness

Question 5

Hearing voices, when there is actually no one talking, or seeing visions, when there is actually nothing there, are examples of ______.

A) obsessions
B) delusions
C) hallucinations
D) compulsions

Question 6

Severe anxiety, depression, and concern about a lack of meaning in life are examples of ______.

A) self-defeating behavior
B) faulty perception of reality
C) personal distress
D) dangerousness

Question 7

When we take into account the people directly affected by psychological disorders, their families, as well as the economic costs of caring for people with mental health problems, ______ affected by these disorders.

A) only a few of us are
B) a large minority of us are
C) most of us are
D) virtually every one of us is

Question 8

Erroneous beliefs that one is being victimized or persecuted are ______.

A) delusions of grandeur
B) ideas of reference
C) paranoid hallucinations
D) ideas of persecution

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the axes of the DSM?

A) Clinical Syndromes
B) Personality Disorders
C) General Medical Conditions
D) Emotional Disorders

Question 10

Most people affected by psychological disorders ______.

A) do not receive any mental health care
B) do not receive adequate mental health care
C) receive adequate, but not ideal, mental health care
D) receive more than adequate mental health care, and are often overtreated

Question 11

A perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality is a(n) ______.

A) obsession
B) delusion
C) hallucination
D) compulsion

Question 12

The most widely used classification scheme for psychological disorders is the ______ system.

A) DSM
B) MMPI
C) SCII
D) OK5R

Question 13

Harry believes that the CIA is trying to murder him because he "knows too much" about their secret operations. There is no evidence to support his beliefs, but he remains convinced anyway. His beliefs are typical ______.

A) delusions of grandeur
B) ideas of reference
C) paranoid hallucinations
D) ideas of persecution

Question 14

Collecting yarn and rolling it into a 12-foot ball in your backyard, walking backward everywhere you go, or becoming the only person on your street to paint your house "Day-Glo" orange are examples of ______.

A) self-defeating behavior
B) unusualness
C) socially unacceptable
D) faulty perception of reality

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the axes of the DSM?

A) Emotional Disorders
B) Clinical Syndromes
C) Global Assessment of Functioning
D) General Medical Conditions

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the axes of the DSM?

A) Emotional Disorders
B) Global Assessment of Functioning
C) Clinical Syndromes
D) General Medical Conditions

Question 17

Behaviors or mental processes that are connected with various kinds of distress or impaired functioning are ______.

A) adjustment issues
B) growth issues
C) cognitive deficits
D) psychological disorders

Question 18

Psychological disorders affect about one in ______ adult Americans at some time in his or her life.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) eight

Question 19

The current edition of the DSM is the ______.

A) DSM-II-TR
B) DSM-III-TR
C) DSM-IV-TR
D) DSM-V-TR

Question 20

Type A behavior, overeating, chronic gambling, alcoholism, and cigarette smoking are all examples of ______.

A) self-defeating behavior
B) faulty perception of reality
C) personal distress
D) dangerousness

Question 21

Clinical Syndromes are described under ______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 22

Problems such as dependent personality disorder or antisocial personality disorder are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 23

Deeply ingrained maladaptive ways of perceiving others and notable problem personality traits are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 24

Chronic and acute illnesses and medical conditions that are important to the understanding or treatment of a mental disorder, or that play a direct role in causing the disorder, are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 25

The global assessment of functioning rates a person's current level of functioning on a scale of ______.

A) 1 to 5
B) 1 to 10
C) 80 to120, with 100 being "normal"
D) 1 to 100

Question 26

A maladaptive reaction to an identified stressor resulting in impairment in school or occupational functioning or in social activities or relationships is called _______.

A) a personality disorder
B) an affective disorder
C) an adjustment disorder
D) a dissociative disorder

Question 27

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz believes that labeling people as being sick is ______.

A) necessary for them to receive the treatment they need to get better
B) only done as a last resort when their behavior is so unruly that they present a danger to themselves and others
C) a way society uses to discredit socially deviant behavior
D) not done often enough, allowing too many mentally ill people to go untreated

Question 28

Each of the following is true EXCEPT ______.

A) adjustment disorders are among the most severe forms of psychological disorders
B) there is no clear and distinct boundary between an expected reaction to a stressor and an adjustment disorder
C) an adjustment disorder can be resolved if the person learns to cope with a stressor or it is removed
D) under some circumstances, it can be "normal" to react maladaptively for a while

Question 29

Adjustment disorders are ______.

A) not really psychological disorders at all
B) among the mildest psychological disorders
C) generally considered to be moderately severe psychological disorders
D) among the most severe psychological disorders

Question 30

The patterns of abnormal behavior (mental disorders) that impair functioning and are stressful to the individual are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 31

About one adult in ______ suffers from a diagnosable psychological disorder in any given year.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Question 32

Nancy broke up with her boyfriend about three months ago. She has felt depressed and has been unable to keep up with her schoolwork since. She just mopes around thinking of her lost love. She is best diagnosed as having _______ disorder.

A) a personality
B) a conversion
C) an adjustment
D) posttraumatic stress

Question 33

Problems such as hypertension, arthritis, or allergies that affect a mental disorder are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 34

Problems such as generalized anxiety disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder or mood disorders are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 35

Each of the following is true EXCEPT ______.

A) conceptions of mental illness vary from one period of time to another
B) most mental health professionals believe that mental illness is just a label used to stigmatize people who act in social deviant ways
C) what is considered normal in one culture may be considered abnormal in another
D) psychological disorders range from relatively mild problems to chronic and severe disorders

Question 36

Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 37

A clinician's rating of a client's level of functioning and his or her highest level of functioning before the onset of a psychological disorder would be found in ______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis IV
D) Axis V

Question 38

Psychosocial and environment problems that affect the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of a mental disorder are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 39

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz believes that disorders described in the DSM are ______.

A) not really disorders at all, but rather, are problems in living
B) biologically caused and should be treated with chemotherapy
C) learned in early childhood and should be treated with behavioral methods
D) caused by a failure to self-actualize and require spiritual growth and exploration to cure them

Question 40

Problems such as marital separation and unemployment that contribute to the development or recurrence of a mental disorder are described under _______ of the DSM-IV-TR.

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV

Question 41

Features of anxiety that include worrying, fear of the worst things happening, fear of losing control, nervousness, and an inability to relax, are called ______ features.

A) objective
B) physical
C) psychosomatic
D) subjective

Question 42

Disorders that are characterized by nervousness, fears, worrying, feelings of foreboding, perspiration, rapid heartbeat, muscle tension, trembling, and shakiness are called ______.

A) somatoform disorders
B) psychotic disorders
C) anxiety disorders
D) personality disorders

Question 43

Shelly has intense, irrational fears of snakes. She is suffering from ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) a specific phobia
C) a social phobia
D) panic disorder

Question 44

The avoidance of situations or cues associated with the source of anxiety is a ______ feature of anxiety.

A) subjective
B) objective
C) behavioral
D) physical

Question 45

Shelly has intense speech anxiety and stage fright. She is suffering from ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) a simple phobia
C) a social phobia
D) panic disorder

Question 46

Shelly has an irrational fear of enclosed or confined spaces. Her fear is best described as ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) claustrophobia
C) acrophobia
D) hydrophobia

Question 47

Currently anxiety disorders affect about ______ percent of adults in the United States.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80

Question 48

Shelly has intense, irrational fears of heights. She is suffering from a(n) ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) panic disorder
C) social phobia
D) specific phobia

Question 49

An irrational, excessive fear of public scrutiny is ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) social anxiety disorder
C) generalized anxiety disorder
D) panic disorder

Question 50

An emotional state that is characterized by worrying, fear of the worst things happening, fear of losing control, inability to relax, trembling, and avoidance is ______.

A) depression
B) hysteria
C) pressure
D) anxiety

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

A) phobia
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) conversion disorder

Question 52

Physical features of anxiety reflect arousal of the ______ nervous system.

A) sympathetic division of the autonomic
B) parasympathetic division of the autonomic
C) central
D) somatic

Question 53

Persistent, irrational fears of a specific object or situation is ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) a specific phobia
C) a social phobia
D) panic disorder

Question 54

An irrational, excessive fear of public scrutiny is ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) a specific phobia
C) a social phobia
D) panic disorder

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT one of the three major features of anxiety?

A) subjective features
B) objective features
C) behavioral features
D) physical features

Question 56

Symptoms such as sweating, a pounding or racing heart, elevated blood pressure, and faintness are ______features of anxiety.

A) subjective
B) objective
C) behavioral
D) physical

Question 57

Shelly has an irrational fear of heights. Her fear is best described as ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) claustrophobia
C) acrophobia
D) hydrophobia

Question 58

Excessive, irrational, and inappropriate fear of an object or situation, which often leads to avoidance of the feared object or situation, is ______.

A) an adjustment disorder
B) a phobia
C) an obsession
D) a conversion disorder

Question 59

Kate has an irrational fear of heights that is so severe she cannot even look down from the top of a flight of stairs without experiencing dizziness and anxiety. Kate would appear to have ______.

A) an adjustment disorder
B) panic disorder
C) a phobia
D) dissociative fugue

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

A) traumatic stress disorder
B) panic disorder
C) bipolar disorder
D) phobia

Question 61

An abrupt episode of acute, intense anxiety or sheer terror, often accompanied by strong physical symptoms and difficulty breathing is a ______.

A) panic attack
B) phobia
C) reaction formation
D) psychotic episode

Question 62

Jake has experienced persistent shaking, inability to relax, trembling, fidgeting, sweating, a racing heart, insomnia, distractibility, irritability, and feelings that "the end is near" for the last nine months. He can identify no reason for being plagued with these symptoms. His symptoms sound most like ______.

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) stress disorder
C) agoraphobia
D) panic disorder

Question 63

A young mother is terrorized by the recurring fear that her children have been run over by a car on their way home from school. She cannot block out this fear even though her children do not cross any streets and never had any accidents involving a car. Her irrational fear is best described as ______.

A) an obsession
B) a phobia
C) a delusion
D) acute stress disorder

Question 64

Shelly lives in constant fear of publicly embarrassing or humiliating herself. It is so severe that she refuses to go to parties or go on dates. She is suffering from ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) social anxiety disorder
C) generalized anxiety disorder
D) panic disorder

Question 65

Shelly has an irrational fear of leaving her home or being in crowds where it might be difficult to escape. Her fears are best described as ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) claustrophobia
C) acrophobia
D) hydrophobia

Question 66

Panic attacks usually last for ______.

A) minutes
B) hours
C) days
D) weeks

Question 67

Each of the following is true EXCEPT ______.

A) people having panic attacks often think they are having a heart attack
B) many sufferers of panic attacks believe they are suffocating
C) panic attacks usually last for hours
D) saliva levels of cortisol are elevated during a panic attack

Question 68

On average, social phobias develop around age ______.

A) 5
B) 15
C) 25
D) 35

Question 69

An unexpected attack of intense anxiety that is not triggered by a specific object or situation is called ______.

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) panic disorder
C) phobia
D) acute stress disorder

Question 70

It is estimated that ______ percent of the adult US population suffers from generalized anxiety disorder at some point in their lives.

A) less than 1
B) about 4
C) about 14
D) about 24

Question 71

The phobia with the earliest average age of onset is ______.

A) blood phobia
B) agoraphobia
C) animal phobia
D) social phobia

Question 72

Of the following disorders, the one with the highest lifetime prevalence is ______.

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) agoraphobia
C) posttraumatic stress disorder
D) specific phobia

Question 73

A recurring, anxiety-provoking thought, which appears irrational, such as powerful and persistent doubts that you have locked your doors and windows even after you have checked them, is called ______.

A) an obsession
B) a delusion
C) a phobia
D) a compulsion

Question 74

People with generalized anxiety disorder seem to worry about ______.

A) one specific thing
B) just a few major concerns
C) only health-related issues
D) everything

Question 75

The term for a phobia that literally means "fear of the marketplace" is ______.

A) agoraphobia
B) claustrophobia
C) acrophobia
D) hydrophobia

Question 76

An anxiety disorder characterized by persistent feelings of dread and foreboding or anxiety in which the anxiety is experienced as free floating is ______.

A) a phobia
B) an obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) a panic disorder
D) generalized anxiety disorder

Question 77

Every few days, with little or no warning, Jake is overwhelmed by intense fear, shortness of breath, a pounding heart, and heavy sweating. He often feels like he is suffocating, having a heart attack, or going crazy. He can never identify a reason for having these attacks, but they leave him worried and exhausted. His attacks are best described as ______.

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) panic disorder
C) phobia
D) acute stress disorder

Question 78

The phobia with the latest average age of onset is ______.

A) blood phobia
B) agoraphobia
C) animal phobia
D) social phobia

Question 79

Agnes never leaves her house because she has had so many panic attacks that she fears having panic attacks in public. She is most likely to be diagnosed with ______.

A) generalized anxiety disorder with agoraphobia
B) generalized anxiety disorder with panic disorder
C) panic disorder with agoraphobia
D) panic disorder with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 80

Investigators estimate that ______ of adult Americans are affected by panic disorder at some point in their lives.

A) fewer than 1 percent
B) about 5 percent
C) about 15 percent
D) more than 25 percent