Question 1

Pain due to central sensitization involves all of the following EXCEPT:&#10;A)Response to a noxious stimulus, signaling tissue damage&#10;B)May be self-perpetuated through psychosocial factors&#10;C)Perpetuated even in the absence of peripheral tissue involvement&#10;D)Requires that patients be encouraged to push through pain

Accepted Answer

Central sensitization involves an increased sensitivity of the nervous system, leading to pain that can be perpetuated even without actual tissue damage (C), may involve psychosocial factors (B), and does not necessarily require patients to push through pain, as this approach can sometimes exacerbate their condition (D). Response to a noxious stimulus signaling tissue damage (A) describes nociceptive pain rather than pain due to central sensitization.

Question 2

Any of the following statements can be true of visceral pain EXCEPT:&#10;A)Visceral pain often mimics musculoskeletal pain.&#10;B)The organ of origin is often distant to the site of pain.&#10;C)Visceral pain cannot be reproduced mechanically by movement.&#10;D)Any of the above describes characteristics of visceral pain.

Accepted Answer

Visceral pain can indeed mimic musculoskeletal pain, originate from an organ distant to the site of pain, and cannot be mechanically reproduced by movement, making all the other options (A, B, C) true characteristics of visceral pain.

Question 3

In terms of intervention, evidence is weakest for treating patients with chronic pain using which of the following?&#10;A)Patient education&#10;B)Therapeutic exercise&#10;C)Passive physical and electrotherapeutic modalities&#10;D)Mind-body therapies such as meditation, mindfulness-based stress reduction

Accepted Answer

Passive physical and electrotherapeutic modalities have weaker evidence for treating chronic pain compared to other interventions. This is because they only provide temporary pain relief and do not address the underlying causes of the pain. Patient education, therapeutic exercise, and mind-body therapies have stronger evidence for their effectiveness in treating chronic pain.

Question 4

Considering the gate control theory of pain, the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as part of a home program would assist through which of the following actions?&#10;A)Counter-irritant stimulus to close the gate&#10;B)Nonirritant stimulus to close the gate&#10;C)Relaxation stimulus to open the gate&#10;D)Nonirritant stimulus to open the gate

Accepted Answer

The gate control theory of pain suggests that pain signals can be blocked or modulated by certain types of neural activity. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) provides a counter-irritant stimulus that activates non-painful Aβ fibers, which can help to "close the gate" in the spinal cord, thereby reducing the perception of pain.

Question 5

You choose a home exercise program for your patient with chronic pain that is simple and ensures patient success.You are striving to address the psychosocial issue of:&#10;A)Fear-avoidance&#10;B)Depression&#10;C)Acceptance&#10;D)Social reinforcement

Accepted Answer

The psychosocial issue being addressed in this scenario is fear-avoidance, which is the belief that physical activity or movement will cause pain and therefore should be avoided. Choosing a simple exercise program that ensures patient success can help the patient overcome the fear-avoidance cycle and increase their confidence in their ability to move without pain.

Question 6

Allodynia is:&#10;A)Absence of pain in response to stimulus&#10;B)Pain due to stimulus that does not normally provoke pain&#10;C)An increased response to a stimulus that is normally painful&#10;D)Pain associated with cancer

Accepted Answer

Allodynia is pain due to stimulus that does not normally provoke pain. It is a common symptom in chronic pain conditions such as fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain.

Deck 25: Pta: Chronic Pain