Deck 15: Stress, Coping, and Health

Question 1

According to Hans Selye and the general adaptation syndrome,our response to stress has both a rapid phase and slower,continued phase.The rapid portion is ________ while the continuing portion is ______.

A) the alarm reaction;exhaustion
B) anxiety induction;depression
C) cognitive appraisal;cognitive resolution
D) the alarm reaction;resistance
E) parasympathetic arousal;alarm arousal

Answer 1

the alarm reaction;resistance

Question 2

Stress has been found to increase ______________ which can reduce working memory by affecting the _________________.

A) protein kinase C;frontal lobe
B) protein kinase C;temporal lobe
C) serotonin;frontal lobe
D) serotonin;temporal lobe
E) cortisol;hippocampus

Answer 2

cortisol;hippocampus

Question 3

Which of the following contains the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)and are in the proper order?

A) alarm reaction,opposition,exhaustion
B) opposition,alarm reaction,exhaustion
C) resistance,alarm reaction,exhaustion
D) alarm reaction,resistance,exhaustion
E) none of the above

Answer 3

alarm reaction,resistance,exhaustion

Question 4

High dropout rates are a major problem in treating substance abuse.When a lapse occurs and is followed by a person being upset and self-blaming,it is referred to as

A) relapse continuation.
B) negative combat effect.
C) decreased self-efficacy.
D) perceived substance effect.
E) abstinence violation effect.

Question 5

Negative health consequences such as more doctor visits,more illnesses,and an increased likelihood to die at a younger age were all discussed as correlates of the _____________ personality type.

A) type A
B) pessimistic
C) type C
D) repressed
E) optimistic

Question 6

Roberto has just been notified that he is losing his job because the car manufacturing plant where he is employed is closing.Currently Roberto is trying to decide whether or not he finds this situation stressful.As such,Roberto is currently engaging in:

A) problem-focused coping
B) stress inoculation
C) primary appraisal
D) secondary appraisal
E) cognitive dissonance

Question 7

A _______________ is an eliciting stimulus that places demands upon us to adapt,whereas ______________ is the cognitive,physiological,and/or behavioural response to that stimulus.

A) stress;stressor
B) stressor;stress
C) stress;transaction
D) transaction;stress
E) stressor;interaction

Question 8

We all experience stress in our lives.According to the text,stress

A) must involve major life events.
B) is a pattern of appraisals,physiological responses,and behaviours.
C) only results from long-term exposure to stressors.
D) results from a reduction in cortisol.
E) is not related to daily hassles.

Question 9

Which of the following CANNOT be brought on by stress?

A) sickle-cell anemia
B) heart attack
C) memory impairment
D) reduction of immune system
E) psychological disorders

Question 10

Student "A" coped with the stress of a relationship problem by going to the beach to forget about it.Student "B" coped with the same type of stress by getting some help from a counselor,while Student "C" went directly to the relationship partner to try to resolve the problem.In the order Student "A",Student "B",and Student "C",the students' coping strategies most closely conform to:

A) seeking social support,problem-focused coping,emotion-focused coping
B) emotion-focused coping,seeking social support,problem-focused coping
C) problem-focused coping,emotion-focused coping,seeking social support
D) emotion focused coping,problem-focused coping,seeking social support
E) forgetting;therapy seeking;seeking social support

Question 11

When coping with stress,men are most likely to use _____________,while women are more likely to use ______________.

A) problem-focused coping;emotion-focused coping only
B) problem-focused coping;emotion-focused coping and seeking social support
C) emotion-focused coping;problem-focused coping
D) emotion-focused coping;problem-focused coping and seeking social support
E) emotion-focused coping and seeking social support;problem-focused coping

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a method used in the multimodal treatment of substance abuse?

A) situational attributions
B) aversion therapy
C) stress-management training
D) social skills training
E) positive reinforcement

Question 13

What are the three C's of the stress-protective factor referred to as hardiness?

A) commitment,control,and change
B) control,change,and coping
C) control,challenge,and coping
D) commitment,control,and challenge
E) commitment,coping,and challenge

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of the appraisal process?

A) appraisal of the demands
B) appraisal of the resources
C) judgment of the consequences
D) appraisal of the personal meaning
E) these are all aspects of the appraisal process

Question 15

Which stage of the change process is marked by a desire to change,but with no plan or action having been taken?

A) precontemplation
B) contemplation
C) preparation
D) action
E) maintenance

Question 16

In the treatment of substance abuse,the method in which the goal is not necessarily to stop the drug-taking behaviour,but to eliminate the dangerous behaviours that coincide with the drug-taking behaviour,is referred to as:

A) behavioural intervention
B) relapse reduction
C) harm reduction
D) problem-focused coping skills
E) behavioural allowance

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT one of the major symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

A) The person experiences symptoms of anxiety,arousal,and distress that were not present prior to the trauma
B) The person experiences "survivor guilt"
C) The person becomes numb to the world and avoids reminders of the trauma
D) The person loses the ability to learn new information after the trauma
E) The person relives the traumatic event in "flashbacks",dreams,and/or fantasy

Question 18

Which personality style is the most likely to be diagnosed with heart disease and which with longevity?

A) type A;type B
B) type B;type C
C) type B;extroversion
D) openess;agreeableness
E) type A;conscientiousness

Question 19

According to your textbook,a coffee shop not having your favorite herbal tea would be referred to as a ___________,whereas having your house destroyed by a tornado would be an example of a _____________.

A) catastrophic event;major negative event
B) microstressor;catastrophic event
C) ministressor;major negative event
D) minor negative event;major negative event
E) trivial stressor;tragic stressor

Question 20

Some individuals seem to be able to tolerate stressors better than others.In addition to certain physiological traits,the way in which people think can be important protective factors.Which of the following is NOT considered a protective factor?

A) coping self-efficacy
B) pessimism
C) type B personality
D) conscientiousness
E) optimism

Question 21

In order to help individuals who is are problem drinkers,you decide to lead individuals to their own conclusions and focus on discrepancies between their current state and their desired state.Which type of intervention are you using?

A) motivational interviewing
B) abstinence violation
C) multimodal treatments
D) harm reduction
E) behaviour modification

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a method to increase happiness,according to the text?

A) spend time with other people
B) seek meaning and challenge in work
C) cultivate optimism
D) avoid new experiences
E) look for ways to help others

Question 23

Julie wants to stop smoking.She has decided to do,but has not yet stopped buying cigarettes or smoking them.According to the transtheoretical model,Julie is in which of the following stages?

A) action
B) preparation
C) maintenance
D) precontemplation
E) contemplation

Question 24

Why is social support an effective protective factor when considering stress?

A) it decreases immune functioning
B) it reduces feelings of control
C) it reduces exposure to risk factors such as loneliness
D) it decreases the sense of self identity
E) it allows the individual to get lost in the crowd

Question 25

All of the following are considered protective factors against stress EXCEPT

A) control.
B) challenge.
C) social support.
D) hardiness.
E) Type A personality.

Question 26

Let's say that you are a therapist and have a patient who is young,female,and from an Asian country.What kind of coping strategy would you expect her to be using?

A) problem-focused
B) efficacy-focused
C) control-exertion
D) emotion-focused
E) repression

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a response to prolonged stress?

A) blockage of arteries
B) deterioration of the hippocampus
C) increased regulation of diet
D) increase in chronic health conditions
E) sudden death

Question 28

Jessie has had a problem with cocaine.He went to rehab and stopped taking the drug,but following a particularly stressful event he relapsed and started using coke again.According to the text,a critical process resulting in this relapse probably was

A) a multimodal treatment.
B) the abstinence violation effect.
C) a yo-yo drug usage.
D) the termination response.
E) the negative approach effect.