Deck 7: Substance Abusing Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Question 1

All of the following are objectives of substance abuse assessment among offenders,except:

A)generate information to be used at parole board hearings
B)determine if a more comprehensive assessment is required
C)help motivate clients to enter into a treatment program
D)help evaluate treatment process and change outcomes

Answer 1

generate information to be used at parole board hearings

Question 2

According to Andrews and Bonta (2010),substance abuse is a _________ risk factor for crime.

A)major
B)moderate
C)minor
D)protective

Answer 2

moderate

Question 3

There is growing public support for both the decriminalization and legalization of marijuana in Canada.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Evidence from twin and adoption studies have consistently shown that:

A)environment plays a moderate to strong role in explaining substance use
B)genetics play a moderate to strong role in explaining substance use
C)parental upbringing is the strongest predictor of substance use
D)genetics do not contribute at all to substance use

Question 5

Substance abusing offenders are increasingly being managed in the criminal justice system by being:

A)sentenced to longer jail terms to deter their substance abuse
B)diverted out of the regular court system and into specialized drug courts
C)ordered by the court to attend institutional drug rehabilitation programs
D)instructed to deal with their addiction issues privately

Question 6

Any drug that impacts our mind and body physiologically is illegal in Canada.

Question 7

In theories of substance abuse,social learning theory appears to explain _____________________________,while the disease model seems to explain _____________________________.

A)why substance abuse starts and stops; why substance abuse is maintained
B)why substance abuse is maintained; why substance abuse starts and stops
C)why substance abuse occurs with friends; why substance abuse occurs individually
D)why substance abuse occurs with friends; why addiction to prescription drugs occurs

Question 8

The techniques employed in the National Substance Abuse Program (NSAP) are designed to help offenders:

A)gain employment skills so they can attain jobs that do not involve selling of drugs
B)critically evaluate the root causes of their criminal offending and substance abuse
C)manage situations that may trigger their relapse into criminal offending and substance abuse
D)assist other offenders who are struggling with addiction and offending issues

Question 9

Research on the Computerized Assessment of Substance Abuse (CASA) had found that:

A)it accurately differentiates between levels of substance abuse among offenders
B)it predicts that levels of substance abuse in offenders are more severe than they actually are
C)it predicts that levels of substance abuse in offenders are less severe than they actually are
D)offenders are dissatisfied with it

Question 10

All of the following are reasons cited in textbook why substance abuse is a problem in Canadian corrections except:
a.there are high rates of substance abuse prior to homicides
b.there are high rates of substance abuse problems in incarceration offenders
c.there are high rates of substance abuse in correctional officers
d.the rate of police reported drug offences is on the rise

Question 11

The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) provides standardized assessments of offenders using an assessment called the:

A)Standardized Substance Abuse Risk Guide (SSARG)
B)Canadian Correctional Drug Use Assessment (CCDUA)
C)Substance Use Assessment Guide (SUAG)
D)Computerized Assessment of Substance Abuse (CASA)

Question 12

A drug treatment court has the following characteristics:

A)it is a structured inpatient program,where offenders are spared regular court appearances,and their sentence is normally suspended
B)participation ensures offenders' charges are suspended and they must remain in custody through the process
C)participation in group counseling ensures offenders' charges are either suspended or postponed and they are tested randomly for drugs
D)it is a structured outpatient program,where offenders make regular court appearances,and it is a coordinated effort with community partners

Question 13

In a study conducted by Miller and Neaigus (2002),it was found that for women,use of "harder" drugs is linked to:

A)violent crime
B)child neglect
C)financially-motivated crime
D)hate-motivated crime

Question 14

Success rates for the National Substance Abuse Program (NSAP) show:

A)all versions of the NSAP are successful at decreasing serious institutional misconducts and recidivism
B)only the high-intensity NSAP is successful at decreasing serious institutional misconducts and recidivism
C)recidivism rates actually increase if the offender completes only 50 percent of the program
D)100% of offenders complete the program,but it does not have an effect on either institutional misconduct or recidivism

Question 15

The cost to arrest,prosecute,and sentence offenders for illicit drug use and trafficking is approximately $8.2 billion per year.

Question 16

The self-medication model argues that individuals start using drugs to cope with stress and trauma,but eventually drugs become the source of the problem.

Question 17

Methadone maintenance programs are designed to treat addiction to:

A)opiates
B)stimulants
C)marijuana
D)alcohol

Question 18

A person who is genetically predisposed to drug use will inevitably develop a substance abuse problem.

Question 19

In Canada,rates of recreational marijuana use are estimated to be ______ for all adults and _____ for young adults.

A)70-75%; 5-10%
B)5-10%; 30-35%
C)20-30%; 10-15%
D)10-15%; 20-30%

Question 20

The legislation that deals with the possession,production,trafficking,and importation of illicit drugs is the

A)Criminal Code of Canada
B)Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
C)Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
D)Corrections and Conditional Release Act

Question 21

When comparing different substances,motivational interviewing is the most successful at treating alcohol use disorders.

Question 22

Describe the prevalence of substance abuse among incarcerated populations in Canada.

Question 23

Describe the nature of risk factors for and protective factors against crime among substance abusing individuals.

Question 24

Describe the Disease Model of addiction to substances.

Question 25

Describe the model for understanding the alcohol-violence relationship proposed by McMurran (2012).

Question 26

Describe the four circumstances where drug treatment courts could serve as an alternative to a traditional court.

Question 27

Research indicates that drug treatment courts result in major reductions in criminal recidivism.

Question 28

Describe the two objectives of drug treatment courts,what offenders who participate in these courts do in the program,and whether or not the program is successful.

Question 29

Mitchell,Wilson,and Mackenzie (2006) conducted a meta-analysis of research on corrections-based substance abuse programming.Explain their methodology and findings.

Question 30

Describe the typical corrections-based substance abuse treatment programs that are offered in Canada.Briefly explain if and how they are successful with substance abusing offenders.

Question 31

It is clear from the literature that we have conducted a sufficient number of rigorous studies on substance abuse treatment.

Question 32

The relationship between substance abuse and crime is direct and causal.

Question 33

There are very few validated substance abuse assessment tools readily available to therapists.