Deck 9: Joints

Question 1

What structure(s) of the synovial joint absorb(s) shock from external forces that are placed on it?

A) articular cartilage
B) synovial fluid
C) hyaline cartilage covering the articulating surface of bones
D) all of these choices

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely associated or matched?

A) atlanto-occipital, synchondrosis
B) vertebrocostal, synarthrosis
C) talocrural (ankle), diarthrosis
D) sacroiliac, synarthrosis

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Articular discs of synovial joints

A) are pads of hyaline cartilage
B) move freely within the joint cavity
C) are found in the space between the ends of the bones
D) are found in all synovial joints

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Alternating the turning of the palm of the hand toward the ceiling and then turning it toward the floor is a movement of the forearm. This movement

A) includes pronation
B) includes supination
C) occurs at the radiocarpal joint
D) all except occurs at the radiocarpal joint

Question 5

The articular capsule of the hip joint is one of the strongest in the body. It consists partially of

A) transverse humeral ligament
B) pubofemoral ligament
C) glenoid labrum
D) all of these choices

Question 6

A good description for a condyloid (ellipsoidal) joint is

A) flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces
B) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
C) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression
D) one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
E) the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

Question 7

Which type of joint has the most movement?

A) synarthrosis
B) diarthrosis
C) gomphosis
D) syndesmosis

Question 8

The primary type of movement permitted at a pivot joint is

A) rotation
B) circumduction
C) abduction and adduction
D) all of these choices

Question 9

A _____ is a type of joint in which two bones are held together by a disc of fibrocartilage.

A) symphysis
B) synchondrosis
C) suture
D) synovial joint

Question 10

Which of the following statements about joint classification is true?

A) All synchondroses are synarthrotic.
B) All synovial joints are diarthrotic.
C) All symphyses are amphiarthrotic.
D) All of these choices

Question 11

Concerning diarthroses, one may speculate that as mobility increases, _____ decreases.

A) the thickness of articular cartilage
B) the amount of synovial fluid
C) range of motion (ROM)
D) stability

Question 12

Structures that are most responsible for holding bones together at a synovial joint are

A) tendons
B) articular cartilages
C) synovial membranes
D) ligaments

Question 13

Which of the following statements about aging and joints is false?

A) Production of synovial fluid decreases.
B) Ligaments shorten and become less flexible.
C) Articular cartilage thickens.
D) Osteoarthritis is evident in almost everyone over age 70.

Question 14

If a joint is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule and if it contains a joint cavity, it is classified as

A) synovial
B) fibrous
C) cartilaginous
D) all of these choices

Question 15

The articular cartilage
1) consists of two layers: an outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue and an inner layer of loose connective tissue.
2) firmly binds the articulating bones.
3) covers the surfaces of the articulating bones at a synovial joint.
4) helps absorb shock and reduces friction at a synovial joint.

A) 1, 2, and 3
B) 2, 3, and 4
C) 3 and 4 only
D) 1 and 2 only

Question 16

Which of the following terms could describe a joint at which flexion and extension are the only movements?
1) pivot joint
2) hinge joint
3) monaxial joint
4) biaxial joint

A) 1 and 3
B) 2 and 3
C) 1 and 4
D) 2 and 4

Question 17

The action that moves the palm of the hand into anatomical position is

A) pronation
B) supination
C) inversion
D) eversion

Question 18

Fibrous connective tissue firmly holds the articular surfaces of bones together in

A) fibrous joints
B) cartilaginous joints
C) synovial joints
D) all of these choices

Question 19

The surfaces of the bones at a gliding joint perform the movement(s) of

A) side-to-side movement
B) rotation
C) flexion and extension
D) all of these choices

Question 20

Epiphyseal plates of growing bones may be classified as

A) cartilaginous joints
B) synarthrotic joints
C) synchondroses
D) all of these choices

Question 21

Which joint shows the motion called rotation?

A) acromioclavicular
B) wrist
C) intertarsal
D) interphalangeal
E) radioulnar

Question 22

A good description for a plane joint is

A) flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces
B) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
C) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression
D) one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
E) the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

Question 23

A good description for a ball-and-socket joint is

A) a bone rotates around its long axis as it articulates within a ring of bone and ligament
B) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave
C) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression
D) one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle
E) the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

Question 24

Which joint shows a hinge motion?

A) between tarsal bones
B) elbow joint
C) hip joint
D) between atlas and dens of axis
E) between trapezium and first metacarpal

Question 25

All symphyses occur in the midline of the body.

Question 26

Which feature goes with the shoulder (humeroscapular) joint?

A) sphenomandibular ligament
B) glenoid labrum
C) radial annular ligament
D) zona orbicularis
E) acetabular labrum

Question 27

In an x-ray of a young person's skeleton, what are easily seen as thin dark areas between the white-appearing bone tissue?

A) synovial joints
B) interosseous membranes
C) sutures
D) synchondroses

Question 28

The joints between the sternum and ribs 2-7 are syndesmoses.

Question 29

An acute or chronic inflammation of a bursa, i.e bursitis can be caused by

A) repeated, excessive exertion of a joint
B) rheumatoid arthritis
C) infection
D) all of these choices

Question 30

Which joint shows the motions called inversion and eversion?

A) temporomandibular
B) knee
C) intertarsal
D) interphalangeal
E) ankle (talocrural)

Question 31

Which joint is the most frequently injured of the major joints of the body?

A) acromioclavicular
B) knee
C) intertarsal
D) interphalangeal
E) ankle (talocrural)

Question 32

Which joint shows the motions called elevation and depression?

A) temporomandibular
B) knee
C) intertarsal
D) interphalangeal
E) ankle (talocrural)

Question 33

Which joint allows a gliding movement to occur?

A) between tarsal bones
B) knee joint
C) hip joint
D) between atlas and dens of axis
E) between trapezium and first metacarpal

Question 34

Which joint shows a pivot motion?

A) between tarsal bones
B) knee joint
C) hip joint
D) between atlas and dens of axis
E) between trapezium and first metacarpal

Question 35

Which feature goes with the elbow joint?

A) medial and lateral menisci
B) glenoid labrum
C) radial collateral ligament
D) zona orbicularis
E) acetabular labrum

Question 36

The joint between two bodies of adjacent vertebrae is a synchondrosis.

Question 37

Which feature goes with the knee joint?

A) medial and lateral menisci
B) glenoid labrum
C) radial annular ligament
D) zona orbicularis
E) acetabular labrum

Question 38

Which feature goes with the temporomandibular joint?

A) sphenomandibular ligament
B) glenoid labrum
C) radial annular ligament
D) zona orbicularis
E) acetabular labrum

Question 39

Which feature goes with the hip (coxal) joint?

A) medial and lateral menisci
B) glenoid labrum
C) radial annular ligament
D) zona orbicularis
E) arcuate popliteal ligament

Question 40

Which joint could be called a saddle joint?

A) wrist joint
B) knee joint
C) hip joint
D) between atlas and dens of axis
E) between trapezium and first metacarpal

Question 41

Articular cartilage receives nutrients and oxygen from the _____.

Question 42

Synovial fluid is a somewhat viscous liquid that contains hyaluronic acid and fluid formed from blood plasma.

Question 43

The movement of the mandible in a forward direction parallel to the ground is called _____.

Question 44

The shoulder joint is an example of a triaxial joint.

Question 45

In order to fully understand kinesiology (study of movement), one would be advised to study _____ (scientific study of joints) first.

Question 46

Outline the ACI (Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation) procedure, which is used as an alternative to total knee replacement for damaged cartilage.

Question 47

Give the structural classification, list the possible movements, and name the articular surfaces of the bones for
a) the shoulder joint,
b) the metacarpophalangeal joints,
c) the hip joint.

Question 48

Both joints of the clavicle, the acromioclavicular and the sternoclavicular, are synovial joints.

Question 49

Define the terms synarthrosis and diarthrosis and give an example of each.

Question 50

The general anatomical term for the regions of contact between bones is _____.

Question 51

A structure that consists of parallel bundles of collagen fibers and is part of the fibrous membrane of some synovial joints is called a/an _____.

Question 52

Medial and lateral menisci are found in the joint cavity of the elbow.

Question 53

Abduction occurs when a bone moves toward the midline.

Question 54

Bursae are connective tissue sacs that are responsible for reducing friction during the movement of some joints.

Question 55

Bending the ankle so that the foot moves downward is the movement called plantar flexion.

Question 56

The distal tibiofibular joint, which allows some movement, is classified structurally as a _____.

Question 57

A separated shoulder is an injury to the shoulder (glenohumeral joint).

Question 58

The name of the type of joint where a tooth fits into a socket is _____.

Question 59

Explain the benefits of using ice in the treatment of sprains.

Question 60

Interphalangeal joints are synovial joints at which flexion and extension occur.

Question 61

The joint that allows rotation of the head is the _____ joint.

Question 62

The line is pointing to the _____ ligament.

Question 63

Name the joint shown below.

Question 64

Give the structural classification, list the possible movements, and name the articular surfaces of the bones for
a) the shoulder joint,
b) the metacarpophalangeal joints,
c) the hip joint.

Question 65

The goal of arthroplasty is to relieve pain and increase _____.

Question 66

The _____ ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur.

Question 67

Give the structural classification, list the possible movements, and name the articular surfaces of the bones for
a) the shoulder joint,
b) the metacarpophalangeal joints,
c) the hip joint.

Question 68

Name the joint shown.

Question 69

The line is pointing to the _____ ligament.

Question 70

The line is pointing to the _____ ligament.

Question 71

The line is pointing to the _____.

Question 72

The line is pointing to the _____ ligaments.

Question 73

The knee joint, the largest joint, is actually three joints: two tibiofemoral joints and one _____ joint.