Deck 18: Immune System Function, Assessment, and Therapeutic Measures

Question 1

Which of the following information about maintaining a healthy immune system should the nurse recommend be included in the older patient's teaching plan? (Select all that apply.?

A)Get a pneumovax vaccine yearly.
B)Get an influenza vaccine yearly before influenza season.
C)Get a diphtheria and tetanus booster every 10 years.
D)Avoid people with colds or other infectious illnesses.
E)Obtain vaccination against hepatitis B if infection risk is moderate to high.
F)Obtain a varicella booster every 3 years.

Answer 1

Get an influenza vaccine yearly before influenza season.
Get a diphtheria and tetanus booster every 10 years.
Avoid people with colds or other infectious illnesses.
Obtain vaccination against hepatitis B if infection risk is moderate to high.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient being tested for rheumatoid arthritis. In reviewing laboratory values, which of the following would the nurse recognize as being diagnostic of rheumatoid arthritis?

A)C-reactive protein = 12 mg/L
B)Antinuclear antibody test is negative
C)Rheumatoid factor is negative
D)White blood cells = 6000/mm³

Answer 2

Antinuclear antibody test is negative

Question 3

The nurse provides care to older adults. Which of the following would the nurse recognize as being more likely to occur in an older adult than in a younger adult?

A)High fevers
B)More autoimmune disorders
C)Fewer infections
D)Greater antibody production

Answer 3

More autoimmune disorders

Question 4

The nurse reviews a patient's laboratory values for increased eosinophils in which of the following conditions?

A)Allergic reactions
B)Acute viral infections
C)Cancer
D)Autoimmune diseases

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a patient with anemia. Which of the following laboratory results would the nurse recognize as being indicative of anemia? (Select all that apply.?

A)RBC = 4.4 $\times$ 1,012/L in a 31-year-old male
B)RBC = 5.7 $\times$ 1,012/L in a 43-year-old female
C)MCV = 72/mm³ in a 19-year-old female
D)RDW = 12% in a 28-year-old female
E)WBC = 7 $\times$ 109/L in a 39-year-old male
F)WBC = 5.2 $\times$ 109/L in a 22-year-old female

Question 6

Which of these types of immunity involve only T lymphocytes?

A)Humoral immunity
B)Passive immunity
C)Cell-mediated immunity
D)Acquired immunity

Question 7

The nurse has contributed to an educational program for staff members. Which of the following statements by a staff member would indicate a correct understanding of how passive immunity is provided?

A)"Administration of a toxoid."
B)"Administration of a vaccine."
C)"Administration of immunoglobulin."
D)"Having an acute disease."

Question 8

The nurse is reinforcing teaching to a person being tested for HIV in a clinic. Which of these tests would the nurse explain is done first in HIV testing?

A)ELISA test
B)Rheumatoid factor test
C)Western blot test
D)Viral load studies

Question 9

Which of these parts of the immune system provides for long-term immunity?

A)IgG
B)Plasma cells
C)IgE
D)Mast cells

Question 10

The nurse is reinforcing teaching to a person who has tested positive for HIV. Which of these tests would the nurse explain is done to confirm the diagnosis of HIV?

A)Antinuclear antibodies
B)Immunoglobulin assay
C)Rheumatoid factor
D)Western blot

Question 11

Which of the following types of immunity primarily involve B cells and T cells?

A)Humoral immunity
B)Passive immunity
C)Cell-mediated immunity
D)Acquired immunity

Question 12

The nurse has administered prescribed allergen injections twice a week for several weeks to an individual with a bee sting allergy. The patient misses three appointments. What action should the nurse take on the patient's next visit?

A)Administer the dosage as originally prescribed for that visit.
B)Administer the same dosage as was given at the last visit.
C)Consult physician to confirm the dosage to be given.
D)Tell the patient that the entire immunotherapy schedule needs to be restarted.

Question 13

The nurse is preparing an injection for an individual who requires passive immunity. In which of the following situations would passive immunity be indicated?

A)As a booster dose to stimulate the production of specific antibodies.
B)For permanent immunity against a disease.
C)To overcome an allergic reaction that is relatively mild.
D)To have ready-made antibodies after an exposure to pathogens.

Question 14

The nurse has contributed to a staff education program on immunity. Which of the following responses by a participant would indicate a correct understanding of the type of immunity that protects newborns for the first 3 months of life as a result of maternal transmission of IgG?

A)"Active natural immunity occurs."
B)"Passive natural immunity occurs."
C)"Passive artificial immunity occurs."
D)"Active artificial immunity occurs."

Question 15

What type of cell involved in cell-mediated immunity has a cytotoxic action on tumor cells?

A)Lysosomes
B)Histocompatibility cells
C)Memory cells
D)Natural killer cells

Question 16

A patient who reports lower back pain is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nurse notices a scar on the patient's upper arm. The patient states, "Oh, I forgot all about that. I broke my arm many years ago and the doctor put some type of rod in." What should the nurse do?

A)Continue with preoperative routine as per instructions/protocol.
B)Ensure physician is notified of findings.
C)Ask the patient if any pain or discomfort is felt in the area.
D)Tell the patient to inform the staff conducting the MRI.

Question 17

While assisting in the care of a patient scheduled for a right mastectomy, the nurse learns the patient is allergic to shellfish. Which of the following precautions would be necessary during the patient's hospitalization?

A)Iodine-based skin preparations should be replaced with different bactericidal cleansers.
B)The patient should be placed in a private room.
C)The patient's allergy should be noted on the medical record and communicated clearly to all caretakers.
D)The kitchen should use dedicated equipment for all of the patient's food preparation.Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.

Question 18

For which of the following patients would the nurse question the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? (Select all that apply.?

A)A 28-year-old woman who is 4 months pregnant and was involved in an automobile accident
B)A 41-year-old weighing 324 pounds who has a suspected abdominal mass
C)A 19-year-old who sustained a sports-related injury and reports an allergy to iodine
D)A 75-year-old who fell in the nursing home and has a bone pin in his left hip from a previous fracture repair
E)A 69-year-old with a history of asthma who is being worked up for lung cancer metastasis
F)A 72-year-old who has elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels and is being evaluated for cardiac bypass surgery

Question 19

The nurse is administering medications to a patient. Which of these medications would the nurse understand is being given to suppress C-reactive protein levels?

A)Antibiotics and diuretics
B)Epinephrine and antihistamines
C)Antihypertensives and antineoplastic agents
D)Aspirin and steroids

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a patient with an infection. Which immunoglobulin does the nurse understand is produced first when an infection occurs?

A)IgD
B)IgM
C)IgG
D)IgE

Question 21

A chemical, produced by cells infected with viruses, that protects surrounding cells by enabling them to resist viral replication is ____________________.

Question 22

The nurse has contributed to an educational program for staff members on immunity and classes of antibodies. The staff member would display understanding of the teaching, if which of the following were selected as being true about classes of antibodies? (Select all that apply.?

A)IgA is found in breast milk.
B)IgG provides short-term immunity.
C)IgM is found in blood and lymph drainage.
D)IgD is found on natural killer cells.
E)IgG crosses the placenta.
F)IgE is not involved in allergic reactions.

Question 23

The nurse is providing care for a patient who is to start receiving immunotherapy for severe environmental allergies. Which of the following should the nurse reinforce for patient and family education? (Select all that apply.?

A)"You will need to remain in the clinic for half an hour after your shot in case you have any reaction."
B)"The shots have medicine that helps slow down your immune system so you aren't sick all the time."
C)"You will have to have shots about once a month for the treatment to work."
D)"Reactions can occur up to 24 hours after the injection, so it is important to watch for any problems."
E)"Small amounts of things you are allergic to are being given in the shot so your body can become less sensitive to them."
F)"After the first shot, we'll be able to teach you how to give your own allergy shots at home."
Completion
Complete each statement.