Deck 6: Adaptive Immunity

Question 1

A 6-year-old female is diagnosed with a bacterial infection of the respiratory system. Which of the following will most likely try to fight the antigen?

A) Antibodies
B) Cytotoxic T cell
C) Self-antigens
D) Helper T cells

Answer 1

Antibodies

Question 2

If a person is given antigen X and is later given antigen Y, a(n)_____ response to antigen Y will result.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) determinant
D) immunosuppressive

Answer 2

determinant

Question 3

Which of the following cells is responsible for presenting the antigen to the immune cells during clonal selection?

A) T cells
B) B cells
C) Antigen-processing cells
D) Lymphocytes

Answer 3

Antigen-processing cells

Question 4

A 25-year-old female has sexual relations with her boyfriend. Later she is told that the boyfriend is infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Testing reveals that she does not have the disease. How is it possible that she did not contract the disease?

A) Antibodies covered sites of attachment.
B) She was vaccinated against it.
C) Antibodies activated inflammatory components.
D) IgE was released.

Question 5

The predominant antibody of a typical primary immune response is:

A) IgG.
B) IgM.
C) IgA.
D) IgE.

Question 6

The most abundant class of antibody in the serum is:

A) IgG.
B) IgM.
C) IgA.
D) IgE.

Question 7

The primary role of secretory IgA is to prevent infections in:

A) blood vessels.
B) kidneys.
C) lungs.
D) mucous membranes.

Question 8

Both B and T cells are originally derived from cells of the:

A) bone marrow.
B) lymph nodes.
C) gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
D) thymus.

Question 9

At a 12-month well-baby visit, the mother reports that the child has never been ill. She proudly reports that the baby was breastfed since birth. The nurse tells her that breastfeeding is beneficial because the dominant antibody in breast milk acts by functioning as an antigen receptor:

A) on B cell surface.
B) in blood.
C) in the lymphatic system.
D) in mucosal membranes.

Question 10

An experiment is carried out to characterize newly discovered immunoglobulins. Specificity of the immunoglobulin could be determined by studying the:

A) C region of the light chain.
B) C region of the H chain.
C) Complementary-determining region.
D) Framework regions.

Question 11

Which of the following characteristics is shared by both the secretory and systemic immune systems?

A) Lymphocytic paths of migration
B) Neutralization following antigen-antibody binding
C) Timing of response
D) Location of response

Question 12

A molecule is isolated from the human body and studied. It is found to react with antibodies on B cells. Further testing reveals that the molecule is large and chemically diverse. Which of the following would best describe the molecule?

A) Antigen
B) Immunogen
C) Epitope
D) Paratope

Question 13

A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He experiences a severe allergic reaction and has to go to the ER. This reaction is the result of:

A) toxoids.
B) IgA.
C) IgE.
D) IgM.

Question 14

The immunoglobulin that crosses the placenta confers _____ immunity to the fetus.

A) active acquired
B) passive acquired
C) innate
D) cell-mediated

Question 15

A 20-year-old female is applying for nursing school and is required to be tested for immunity against several illnesses. Testing that looks at which of the following would be the best to determine immunity?

A) Neutralization
B) Agglutination
C) Precipitation
D) Titer

Question 16

A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with autoimmune-induced type 1 diabetes. Which of the following therapies may help prevent worsening of the disease?

A) Passive treatment with antibody
B) Immunotherapy
C) Oral administration of self-antigens
D) Vaccination

Question 17

A 23-year-old pregnant female visits her physician for her final prenatal checkup. The physician determines that the fetus has developed an infection in utero. Which of the following would be increased in the fetus at birth?

A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgD

Question 18

A 16-year-old male is bitten by a rabid dog while jogging in the park. Upon admission to the ER, he is given _____ to prevent infection.

A) cytotoxic T cells
B) helper T cells
C) antibodies
D) immunoglobulins

Question 19

Which portion of the antibody is responsible for activating the inflammatory systems?

A) Heavy chain
B) Variable region
C) Fc portion
D) Epitope

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics increases an antigen's ability to be immunogenic?

A) Small size
B) Minimal chemical complexity
C) Combining with carrier molecules
D) Extremely high concentrations

Question 21

A patient is diagnosed with cancer. Which of the following cells would be produced in the greatest number?

A) Th1
B) Th2
C) APC
D) MHC

Question 22

After exposure to a specific antigen, B cells differentiate into:

A) B cytotoxic cells.
B) clonal equivalents.
C) plasma cells.
D) bursal cells.

Question 23

A 20-year-old female has been diagnosed with AIDS. Laboratory testing would reveal diminished levels of:

A) cytotoxic T cells.
B) B cells.
C) helper T cells.
D) T suppressor cells.

Question 24

A cell that is produced in the thymus and interacts with MHC II molecules would have which of the following surface proteins?

A) CD4
B) CD8
C) Th1
D) Superantigen

Question 25

A 6-month-old infant is brought to the pediatrician for recurrent colds. The child is fed formula, and the other family members have not been ill. The physician tells the mother that the child's immune system is not yet competent but will be about 60% of an adult system around age:

A) 8 months.
B) 9 months.
C) 10.5 months.
D) 12 months.

Question 26

Histocompatibility antigens help the immune system:

A) determine whether to mount a primary or secondary response.
B) identify haptens.
C) recognize different blood types.
D) distinguish self from nonself.

Question 27

A young male patient becomes severely ill following lunch at the local hamburger stand. He experiences fever, vomiting, and diarrhea. Testing at the restaurant reveals that he ate food contaminated by Streptococcus pyogenes. Which of the following would be expected to accompany his illness?

A) Binding of MHC I molecule antigen presentation site
B) Binding to MHC II molecule antigen presentation site
C) Binding without antigen recognition
D) Decreased Th cell activation

Question 28

A 5-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with recurring respiratory infections. A possible cause of this condition is:

A) hypergammaglobulinemia.
B) increased maternal IgG.
C) immune insufficiency.
D) decreased maternal antibody breakdown, resulting in hyposensitivity.

Question 29

A macrophage was isolated and analyzed for major histocompatibility complex. Which of the following would be expected?

A) MHC I only
B) MHC II only
C) MHC I and II
D) Neither MHC I or MHC II

Question 30

Pure monoclonal antibodies are produced by:

A) T lymphocytes.
B) bone marrow.
C) laboratories.
D) fetuses.

Question 31

Which of the following is not a secondary lymph organ?

A) Spleen
B) Peyer patches
C) Adenoids
D) Liver

Question 32

An experiment is designed to determine specific cell types involved in cell-mediated immune response. The experimenter is interested in finding cells that attack cells that have specific antigens. Which cells should be isolated?

A) Lymphokine-producing cells
B) Cytotoxic T cells
C) Helper T cells
D) Macrophages

Question 33

Increased age is associated with:

A) decreased T cell function.
B) increased hypersensitivity responses.
C) decreased production of autoantibodies.
D) decreased numbers of circulating immune complexes.