Question 1

A client is diagnosed with an anxiety disorder.The nurse counselor recommends the behavioral technique of reciprocal inhibition.The client asks,&#34;What's that?&#34; Which is the best nursing reply?&#10;A)&#34;At the beginning of this intervention,a contract will be drawn up explicitly stating the behavior change agreed upon.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;By introducing an adaptive behavior that is mutually exclusive to your maladaptive behavior,we will expect subsequent behavior to improve.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Through a series of increasingly anxiety-provoking steps,we will gradually increase your tolerance to anxiety.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;In one intense session,you will be exposed to a maximum level of anxiety that you will learn to tolerate.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal inhibition is a behavioral technique that involves introducing an adaptive behavior to replace a maladaptive one. The nurse counselor is suggesting that by introducing a behavior that is mutually exclusive to the client's maladaptive behavior, they can expect subsequent behavior to improve. This explanation is the most accurate and concise explanation of reciprocal inhibition. The other options either only partially explain the technique or are not accurate.

Question 2

A 2-year-old engages in frequent temper tantrums that usually result in the parents giving in to demands.During family therapy,which is the best nursing statement when counseling the parents?&#10;A)&#34;You are shaping your child's behavior.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Your child has modeled your behavior.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;You are positively reinforcing your child's behavior.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;You are negatively reinforcing your child's behavior.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The parents giving in to the child's demands after a temper tantrum is an example of positive reinforcement, which means that the behavior (temper tantrum) is being strengthened by the consequence (getting what the child wants). By acknowledging this, the nurse can help the parents understand the role they play in shaping their child's behavior and encourage them to use more effective strategies for managing tantrums. Option A is true but not specific to the behavior in question. Option B may be true but is not helpful in addressing the behavior. Option D does not accurately describe the reinforcement that is occurring.

Question 3

A third-grader feigns illness to avoid doing homework.The teacher recommends an educational program that uses a token economy.Which of the following statements by the school nurse best explains a token economy?

A)"Your child will receive green tokens for completing homework that can be cashed in for desired rewards."
B)"Your child will receive red tokens when homework is incomplete and this will result in school suspension."
C)"Your child will receive a time-out for each homework assignment not completed."
D)"Your child,with your assistance,will envision receiving rewards for completed homework."

Accepted Answer

A token economy is a system in which desired behaviors are rewarded with tokens that can be exchanged for a desired item or activity. In this case, completing homework would be the desired behavior and green tokens would be the reward that can be exchanged for desired rewards. This system focuses on positive reinforcement rather than punishment for negative behaviors.

Question 4

A kindergarten rule states that if unacceptable behavior occurs,a child's personalized fish will be moved to the sea grass.Children who behave keep their fish out of the sea grass.The school nurse identifies this intervention is based on which principle of behavior therapy?

A)Classical conditioning
B)Conditioned response
C)Positive reinforcement
D)Negative reinforcement

Accepted Answer

This intervention is based on the principle of negative reinforcement, where a negative condition (the child's personalized fish being in the sea grass) is removed or avoided as a consequence of the desired behavior (good behavior). This encourages the continuation of the good behavior to avoid the negative condition.

Question 5

A nursing instructor is teaching about the behavior technique of modeling.When asked to give an example of this behavioral intervention,which student statement indicates learning has occurred?&#10;A)&#34;A child is first rewarded for using a spoon to eat and then rewarded for using a fork,and finally rewarded for cutting food with a knife.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;An adolescent imitates dad by using and caring for tools appropriately.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;A client and therapist agree to conditions of therapy,stating explicitly in writing the behavior change that is desired.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;A mother tells her child that television can be watched only after homework is completed.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The example given in option B clearly demonstrates the concept of modeling, where an adolescent imitates the behavior of their father to use and care for tools appropriately. Option A describes shaping, where a behavior is gradually taught by rewarding successive approximations of it. Option C refers to contingency contracting, where the client and therapist explicitly state the behavior change that is desired and agree on the conditions of therapy. Option D describes a rule or directive, which does not involve modeling.

Question 6

Per behavioral theory,the treatment of phobic symptoms involves which action?&#10;A)Manipulation of the environment&#10;B)Use of desensitization&#10;C)Use of family therapy&#10;D)Uncovering of past events

Accepted Answer

Behavioral theory emphasizes the role of learning and conditioning in the development of phobias. Therefore, treatment of phobic symptoms often involves techniques such as desensitization, which gradually exposes the individual to the feared object or situation in a controlled environment, allowing them to develop new associations and reduce their fear response. Manipulation of the environment and family therapy may be helpful in certain cases but are not specific to the treatment of phobic symptoms. Uncovering of past events is more consistent with psychodynamic theory and not typically used in behavioral treatment of phobias.

Question 7

A client is in therapy with a nurse practitioner for the treatment of arachnophobia.The nurse practitioner decides to use the technique of flooding.Which intervention best exemplifies flooding?&#10;A)Giving rewards for demonstrating a decrease in fear of spiders&#10;B)Encouraging the client to sit through the movie Spiderman&#10;C)Accompanying the client to a 1-hour visit to the local zoo's spider room&#10;D)Offering a computer program that progressively presents anxiety-producing spider scenarios

Accepted Answer

Flooding involves exposing the client to the feared object or situation in a highly intense and prolonged manner, without the use of relaxation techniques, until the anxiety diminishes. Accompanying the client to the spider room for an extended period of time would be a way for the nurse practitioner to use flooding as a technique for treating the client's arachnophobia. The other interventions, such as rewarding the client, encouraging them to watch a movie, or offering a computer program, are not examples of flooding.

Question 8

An adolescent comes from a family where physical and verbal abuse prevails.The adolescent bullies and fights with classmates at school.Which of the following is the probable source of this behavior?&#10;A)Shaping&#10;B)Modeling&#10;C)Premack principle&#10;D)Reciprocal inhibition

Accepted Answer

The most probable source of this behavior is modeling, which refers to an individual learning behavior by observing and imitating the actions of others. In this case, the adolescent may be imitating the behavior of their parents who physically and verbally abuse them, and thus resorting to bullying and fighting with classmates at school.

Question 9

Which assumption is most reflective of a behavioral theory model?&#10;A)Mental illness is characterized by structural and biochemical alterations.&#10;B)Thought processes influence behaviors.&#10;C)All personality development has a social context.&#10;D)There is a basic relationship between stimulus and response.

Accepted Answer

A behavioral theory model focuses on the relationship between stimulus and response, emphasizing the importance of observable behavior rather than internal mental processes or personality development. Therefore, the assumption that there is a basic relationship between stimulus and response fits most closely with this model.

Question 10

During hospitalization,an attention-seeking client has repeatedly cut herself.After threatening to cut herself again,the nurse states,"Here are some Band-Aids so you won't bleed on the sheets." Which is the underlying reason for this nurse's response?

A)The nurse is using an aversive stimulus in response to the client's manipulative cutting behavior.
B)The nurse is using negative reinforcement in response to the client's behavior.
C)The nurse is working to extinguish the client's manipulative behavior.
D)The nurse lacks empathy for the client's recurring self-injurious behavior.

Accepted Answer

The nurse's response aims to extinguish the client's manipulative behavior by not providing the attention the client seeks through self-harm, thereby reducing the likelihood of the behavior being repeated for attention-seeking purposes.

Question 11

During a smoking cessation group,the community health nurse explains that in their effort to quit smoking,a reciprocal inhibition approach will be used.The nurse should give the group which example of this technique?

A)"Before you can smoke,you must first take a half-hour walk."
B)"When you have the urge to smoke,imagine being short of breath."
C)"You'll receive $1 for each cigarette not smoked and forfeit $2 for each cigarette smoked."
D)"When you have the urge to smoke,hold your breath and then rhythmically breathe."

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Accepted Answer

The answer of During a smoking cessation group,the community health...

Question 12

When asked to identify principles that define the term maladaptive behavior,which nursing student statement indicates further teaching is needed?&#10;A)&#34;Behavior is maladaptive when it is age inappropriate.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Behavior is maladaptive when it interferes with adaptive functioning.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Behavior is maladaptive when it is identified as inappropriate in the context of one's culture.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Behavior is maladaptive when it results in change within an otherwise stable subsystem.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of When asked to identify principles that define...

Question 13

Parents of a 3-year-old have noticed an improvement in behavior because of using a time-out behavioral approach.Which aspect of time-out therapy may be responsible for this child's improved behavior?&#10;A)Negative reinforcement discourages maladaptive behavior.&#10;B)Positive reinforcement is removed.&#10;C)Covert sensitization is being applied.&#10;D)Reciprocal inhibition is eliminated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parents of a 3-year-old have noticed an...

Question 14

When seeking special privileges,a child always chooses to ask the mother rather than the father.The father is more apt to disagree with the child's requests,whereas the mother usually consents.Which component of operant conditioning explains the child's choice?

A)Conditioned stimuli
B)Unconditioned stimuli
C)Aversive stimuli
D)Discriminative stimuli

Accepted Answer

The answer of When seeking special privileges,a child always chooses...

Question 15

A nurse recognizes which intervention within a behavioral therapy program is best?&#10;A)A child is given a popsicle for staying dry and clean.&#10;B)A child is put in time-out after soiling his or her undergarments.&#10;C)A child is allowed to remain in soiled undergarments.&#10;D)A child is taught the advantages of staying dry and clean.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse recognizes which intervention within a...

Question 16

A mother states,&#34;You are old enough to clean your own bedroom.&#34; Upon later inspection,the mother finds the floor is clear and everything is stacked in a chair.The mother praises the child for clearing the floor.This is consistent with which technique of behavior modification?&#10;A)Shaping&#10;B)Extinction&#10;C)Stimulus generalization&#10;D)Reciprocal inhibition

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mother states,&#34;You are old enough to...

Question 17

An adolescent client was recently admitted to the psychiatric unit because of impulsivity and acting-out behavior at school.Which nursing action should the nurse implement first?&#10;A)Redirect the client to activities to decrease stress.&#10;B)Explain the unit rules and consequences of breaking the rules.&#10;C)Place the client on close observation to ensure a trusting relationship.&#10;D)Administer an antianxiety medication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An adolescent client was recently admitted to...

Question 18

Parents decide to try the nurse practitioner's suggestion of time-out when their child misbehaves.Which is the nurse practitioner's best statement when teaching the parents?&#10;A)&#34;Correct your child's behavior by spanking for a specified time period.&#34;&#10;B)&#34;Ignore the child's negative behavior.&#34;&#10;C)&#34;Add positive reinforcement for acceptable behavior.&#34;&#10;D)&#34;Temporarily move your child to an area where behavior is not being reinforced.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parents decide to try the nurse practitioner's...

Question 19

A mother tells her teenager that for college tuition to be paid,the teenager must quit smoking.They develop a written agreement stipulating time frames and consequences.This is an example of which technique of behavior modification?

A)Shaping
B)Modeling
C)Contracting
D)Premack principle

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mother tells her teenager that for...

Question 20

A client reports,&#34;My friend panicked at the sight of spiders.Her therapist used gradual exposure to spiders that initially made her increasingly more anxious.&#34; Which technique was the friend's therapist using?&#10;A)Extinction&#10;B)Covert sensitization&#10;C)Systematic desensitization&#10;D)Reciprocal inhibition

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client reports,&#34;My friend panicked at the...

Deck 18: Behavior Therapy