Deck 11: Managing Knowledge

Question 1

Enterprise content management systems are designed to manage structured information, while other systems, such as KWS, are designed to manage semistructured and unstructured information.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Expert systems work by applying a set of AND/OR rules against a knowledge base, both of which are extracted from human experts.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

CAD is a type of intelligent technique.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Knowledge can reside in e-mail, voice mail, graphics, and unstructured documents as well as structured documents.

Question 5

3D printing today is used to create small objects such as hip replacements.

Question 6

Case-based reasoning is not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine.

Question 7

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.

Question 8

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge, from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers.

Question 9

Expert systems are the primary tools used for knowledge discovery.

Question 10

Structured knowledge is explicit knowledge that exists in informal documents.

Question 11

For a firm, organizational resources are needed to transform data into knowledge.

Question 12

Intelligent agents can discover underlying patterns, categories, and behaviors in large data sets.

Question 13

Knowledge residing in the minds of employees that has not been documented is called explicit knowledge.

Question 14

Expert systems are typically used in business in discrete, highly structured decision-making situations.

Question 15

VRML requires the use of a powerful server as well as large amounts of bandwidth.

Question 16

Fuzzy logic can describe a particular phenomenon or process linguistically and then represent that description in a small number of flexible rules.

Question 17

Because neural network applications cannot always explain why they arrive at a particular solution, they are not well suited for use in the medical profession.

Question 18

Fuzzy logic systems "learn" patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data, searching for relationships, building models, and correcting over and over again the model's own mistakes.

Question 19

Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.

Question 20

Knowledge is universally applicable and easily moved.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm?

A) Knowledge experiences network effects as more people share it.
B) Knowledge should be seen as an intangible key asset.
C) Knowledge enables firms to become more efficient in their use of scarce resources.
D) Knowledge is unconditional.

Question 22

The percentage of gross domestic product of the United States that is produced by the knowledge and information sectors is estimated to be about ________ percent.

A) 25
B) 45
C) 65
D) 85

Question 23

From your reading of the chapter case, which of the following was the primary knowledge management challenge facing the city of Denver?

A) inadequate storage facilities
B) lack of integration
C) lack of training support
D) out-of-date modes of dissemination

Question 24

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of

A) practice.
B) professionals.
C) interest.
D) knowledge.

Question 25

Which of the following systems digitizes, indexes, and tags documents according to a coherent framework?

A) wikis
B) CAD
C) document management
D) LMS

Question 26

The set of business processes, culture, and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of

A) knowledge culture.
B) knowledge discovery.
C) organizational and management capital.
D) organizational routine.

Question 27

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

A) management information systems, decision support systems, and transaction processing systems
B) enterprise systems, customer support systems, and supply chain management systems
C) database management systems, expert systems, and knowledge work systems
D) enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques

Question 28

You are advising a multimedia company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips. Which of the following will suit their needs?

A) enterprise content management system
B) digital asset management system
C) knowledge network system
D) VRML system

Question 29

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge?

A) request for proposals
B) voice-mail
C) videos
D) e-mail

Question 30

In order, which are the value-adding steps in the knowledge business value chain?

A) acquire, store, disseminate, apply, feedback
B) data and information acquisition, acquire, store, disseminate, apply
C) acquire, disseminate, apply, feedback, management and organizational activities
D) data and information acquisition, store, disseminate, feedback, apply

Question 31

Specialized systems built for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called

A) KWS.
B) LMS.
C) wikis.
D) CAD systems.

Question 32

In content management, once a taxonomy is developed, documents must then be ________ with the proper classification.

A) tagged
B) linked
C) tupled
D) referenced

Question 33

Which of the following is not a typical component or capability of an enterprise-wide knowledge management system?

A) collaboration tools
B) KWS
C) document management
D) LMS

Question 34

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"?

A) Knowledge is hard to move.
B) Knowledge is universally applicable.
C) Knowledge works only in certain situations.
D) Knowledge is intangible.

Question 35

The flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system describes

A) information.
B) data.
C) wisdom.
D) knowledge.

Question 36

Which of the following is not a Web 2.0 tool firms are using to foster collaboration?

A) blogs
B) intranets
C) wikis
D) social bookmarking

Question 37

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter?

A) Knowledge is a firm asset.
B) Knowledge has different forms.
C) Knowledge has no locations.
D) Knowledge is situational.

Question 38

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called

A) change management.
B) knowledge networking.
C) the knowledge value chain.
D) organizational learning.

Question 39

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management?

A) Without knowledge, collaboration is difficult.
B) Knowledge doesn't exist without collaboration.
C) Knowledge is useful only when shared with others.
D) As knowledge increases, so does collaboration.

Question 40

Expertise and experience of organizational members that has not been formally documented best describes

A) wisdom.
B) information.
C) data.
D) tacit knowledge.

Question 41

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge discovery?

A) expert system
B) transaction processing systems
C) case-based reasoning
D) data mining

Question 42

________ often are designed and optimized for the specific tasks to be performed.

A) Graphics programs
B) Knowledge workstations
C) Virtual simulators
D) CAD stations

Question 43

Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning best describes a(n)

A) investment workstation.
B) organizational learning system.
C) employee enrichment system.
D) learning management system.

Question 44

Which of the following would not be classified as a knowledge work system?

A) computer-aided design system
B) 3D visualization system
C) investment workstations
D) expert system

Question 45

CAD workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are high-end PCs used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

Question 46

Backward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Question 47

Virtual reality systems

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.

Question 48

Expert systems

A) solve problems too difficult for human experts.
B) are based on DO WHILE rules.
C) work in very limited domains.
D) share characteristics with mainframe computing.

Question 49

Which of the following does not describe the dimensions of knowledge in a firm?

A) It is contextual and applicable only in relevant situations.
B) It is intangible.
C) It is subject to the laws of diminishing returns.
D) It is a cognitive event involving mental models.

Question 50

Forward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Question 51

Investment workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

Question 52

Which of the following systems is not used to capture tacit knowledge?

A) expert system
B) case-based reasoning
C) fuzzy logic
D) neural network

Question 53

Technology that consists of computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior is called

A) fuzzy logic.
B) neural networks.
C) AI technology.
D) genetic algorithms.

Question 54

Most knowledge workers require specialized knowledge work systems, but they also rely on

A) office systems.
B) schools and universities.
C) imaging systems.
D) data transferring systems.

Question 55

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems of

A) policy development.
B) classification.
C) logic and control.
D) high complexity.

Question 56

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique?

A) knowledge networks
B) case-based reasoning
C) computer-aided design
D) VRML

Question 57

Which of the following statements about 3D printing is not true?

A) It creates solid objects.
B) It is also called additive manufacturing.
C) It is only usable to make prototypes.
D) It creates objects layer by layer.

Question 58

An inference engine is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in case-based reasoning.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining.

Question 59

Expert systems are expensive and time consuming to maintain because

A) their rule base is so complex.
B) they rely on equipment that becomes outdated.
C) their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules.
D) only the person who created the system knows exactly how it works, and may not be available when changes are needed.

Question 60

Apple's Siri application is an example of

A) neural networks.
B) CBR.
C) artificial intelligence.
D) intelligent agents.

Question 61

Hardware and software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain best describes

A) a neural network.
B) an expert system.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.

Question 62

In this technique, descriptions of past experiences of human specialists are stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a situation with similar characteristics.

A) CBR
B) fuzzy logic
C) data mining
D) LMS

Question 63

The terms used in a fuzzy logic system to describe imprecise states or conditions are referred to as ________.

Question 64

User-created taxonomies created for shared bookmarks are called ________.

Question 65

Software programs that work without direct human intervention to carry out specific tasks for individual users, business processes, or software applications, are called

A) intelligent agents.
B) intelligent techniques.
C) business intelligence.
D) AI hybrid systems.

Question 66

Genetic algorithms

A) develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation.
B) represent knowledge as groups of characteristics.
C) do not work for most problems.
D) are based on logic.

Question 67

________ is thought to be the collective and individual experience of applying knowledge to the solution of problems.

Question 68

A(n) ________ is a scheme for classifying information and knowledge in such a way that it can be easily accessed.

Question 69

To automate routine tasks to help firms search for and filter information for use in electronic commerce and supply chain management a firm would most likely use

A) CAD systems.
B) virtual reality systems.
C) fuzzy logic systems.
D) intelligent agents.

Question 70

Your company wants to develop intelligent techniques to create a "smart" oven that can perfectly cook basic foodstuffs, such as roasts and bread, using sensors and minimal input from the user. The system would know the difference between rare, medium rare, medium, and well done roasts. The category of intelligent technique that would describe this system is

A) expert system.
B) neural network.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.

Question 71

________ is the study of how computer programs can improve their performance without explicit programming.

Question 72

What type of intelligent technique helped Procter & Gamble determine the most efficient methods for their trucks to deliver goods?

A) fuzzy logic
B) intelligent agents
C) genetic algorithms
D) none of the above

Question 73

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms?

A) Genetic algorithms are designed to process large amounts of information.
B) Genetic algorithms are a type of knowledge discovery, while neural networks are an intelligent technique.
C) Neural networks are programmed to "learn."
D) all of the above

Question 74

________ is explicit knowledge that exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors.

Question 75

A(n) ________ is a type of intelligent technique that finds patterns and relationships in massive data sets too large for a human to analyze.

Question 76

The model of human knowledge used by expert systems is called the ________.

Question 77

You are an automotive engineer working on an application that will automatically parallel park a car. The intelligent technique you may find most useful is

A) case-based reasoning.
B) artificial intelligence.
C) fuzzy logic.
D) expert system.

Question 78

Fuzzy logic is a type of

A) data mining.
B) neural network.
C) intelligent technique.
D) business intelligence.

Question 79

________ seeks to enhance human perception by combining a live direct view of the physical world with computer-generated images.

Question 80

Systems that integrate genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic, neural networks, and expert systems are called ________ systems.