Deck 11: Sexual Orientation

Question 1

The view that homosexuality is the result of reinforcement and punishment is most consistent with:

A)biological theories.
B)sociological theories.
C)psychoanalytic theories.
D)behavioral theories.
E)systems theories.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Sexual orientation refers to the gender that a person is attracted to:

A)emotionally.
B)physically.
C)sexually.
D)romantically.
E)all of the above

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Comparing the finger lengths of lesbians and heterosexual women falls into what theoretical perspective?

A)biological
B)constructionist
C)sociological
D)interactional
E)developmental

Answer 3

A

Question 4

How has the frequency of same-sex behavior in the United States changed over the years?

A)It has increased over the years due to the changes in the social status of homosexuality.
B)It has only increased among women but not among men.
C)It has only increased among men but not among women.
D)It has remained constant over the years in spite of the changes in the social status of homosexuality.
E)It has decreased over the years due to increased homophobia.

Question 5

Which of the following is true about defining sexuality?

A)When behavior and beliefs are in conflict,sexuality is usually defined by beliefs
B)Sexual experimentation does not necessarily define sexual orientation
C)Female homosexuals prefer the term gay to describe themselves
D)Sexual fantasies are the most accurate representation of sexual orientation
E)all of these are true

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE about biological factors associated with sexual orientation?

A)Identical twins are more likely to be gay than fraternal twins.
B)Gay and lesbian brains are very similar to one another,yet distinctly different from brains of heterosexual individuals.
C)Gay men have lower levels of testosterone than heterosexual men.
D)It is more likely that a man will be homosexual if he has several older sisters.
E)None of the above are true.

Question 7

Who developed the model that attempts to incorporate seven dimensions of sexual orientation and the concept of time: the past and the present?

A)Klein
B)Hooker
C)Bieber
D)Cass
E)Kinsey

Question 8

Regarding the incidence of homosexuality today,

A)there are more lesbians than gay men.
B)there are more bisexuals than gay men.
C)there are about equal numbers of gay men,lesbians,and bisexuals.
D)there are more gay men than lesbians.
E)there are more bisexuals than gay men and lesbians combined.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about Freud and his view of homosexuality?

A)Freud believed that homosexuality was partly autoerotic and narcissistic.
B)Freud was intolerant of homosexuality.
C)Freud viewed homosexuality as a mental illness.
D)Freud believed that homosexuality developed when a boy feared that his mother would castrate him.
E)Freud did not believe in the concept of bisexuality; people were either born homosexual or heterosexual.

Question 10

Four-year-old Steven behaves in a far more feminine manner than other boys his age.He prefers to play with girls and with "girl toys." This is an example of:

A)gender confusion
B)transgenderism
C)transsexualism
D)gender nonconformity
E)bisexuality

Question 11

Which of the following contribute to a homosexual orientation according to Freud?

A)an overly-dramatic father
B)an unresolved Electra complex
C)divorced parents
D)an intense attachment to his mother
E)all of the above

Question 12

Early studies of sexual orientation focused on sexual __________.

A)behaviors
B)fantasies
C)attraction
D)desires
E)chromosomes

Question 13

Our best evidence about genetic transmission of homosexuality suggests that genes account for about __________ percent of the variance in sexual orientation.

A)1
B)5
C)10
D)25
E)50

Question 14

Therapy that aims to change homosexual patients into heterosexuals is called:

A)transsexual analysis
B)adversive conditioning
C)sex reassignment therapy
D)behavioral modification
E)reparative therapy

Question 15

Gender-role nonconformity studies of sexual orientation show that:

A)as children,gay men on average are more feminine than straight men.
B)cross-gender boys are viewed more negatively than cross-gender girls.
C)cross-gender boys are likely to be harassed by their peers.
D)gay men report themselves to have been "outsiders" as children.
E)all of these are true

Question 16

Which researcher believed that homosexuality was the result of purely developmental factors,specifically peer interaction?

A)Kinsey
B)Hooker
C)Storms
D)Bem
E)Skinner

Question 17

Evidence from studies of biological differences in sexual orientation lead to the conclusion that:

A)biological factors are much stronger for lesbians than for gay men.
B)biology allows us to predict virtually everyone who will become homosexual.
C)biology probably interacts with social influences in predicting homosexuality.
D)biology plays no role in influencing sexual orientation.
E)studies of biological influences in sexuality are no longer being done.

Question 18

Kinsey thought that homosexuality was:

A)more dependent on emotions and fantasies than on behavior.
B)all or none.
C)best understood as a continuum of behavior.
D)impossible to measure.
E)based on past experience.

Question 19

What can be concluded about reparative therapy?

A)Research has found that in time,it is possible to change sexual orientation in about 75% of patients.
B)Reparative therapy may do more harm than good.
C)It is recommended by the American Psychological Association.
D)Although sexual orientation may not change,many patients report being happier as a result of the therapy.
E)The underlying principle of these therapies is that there is nothing intrinsically wrong with homosexuality but it is something that can be changed if the patient desires to.

Question 20

What theory suggested that male homosexuality was the result of an intense attachment to the mother and a distant relationship with the father?

A)sociological theory
B)psychoanalytic theory
C)hormonal theory
D)biological theory
E)interactional theory

Question 21

What is the Harvey Milk School?

A)a seminar series specifically developed to help parents of gay youth understand homosexuality
B)a school that offers conversion therapy to gay and lesbian youth
C)the first public school for lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender and questioning youth
D)a graduate institution founded to encourage gay and lesbian students to enter politics
E)none of the above

Question 22

When it comes to young people growing up as gay,lesbian,or bisexual,which of the following statement is TRUE?

A)Young gay or bisexual boys can feel unattached and alienated.
B)Lesbians tend to determine their sexual orientation later than gay men.
C)The presumption of heterosexuality is usually transmitted to young people continually by parents,friends,television,movies,newspapers,magazines,and even the government.
D)Overall,gay,lesbian,and bisexual youth have been found to experience higher levels of stigmatization and discrimination than heterosexual youth.
E)All of these are true.

Question 23

In the 19^th and early 20^th centuries,physicians and scientists viewed homosexuality primarily as:

A)a sin.
B)a mental illness.
C)normal.
D)OK for men but bad for women.
E)a physical illness.

Question 24

What culture practiced sequential homosexuality?

A)Sambia
B)Nicaragua
C)Jordan
D)China
E)Thailand

Question 25

What is the term for the need to establish a personal self-identity and communicate it to others?

A)identity creation
B)homophiling
C)heterosexism
D)coming out
E)self-focalization

Question 26

People who hold negative views of lesbians,gay men and bisexuals are more likely to:

A)have traditional attitudes toward sex roles.
B)have had contact with homosexuals and bisexuals.
C)be atheist or agnostic.
D)be a young female.
E)be sexually permissive.

Question 27

According to your text,homophobia is:

A)an anxiety response toward homosexuals.
B)a fear of homosexuals.
C)hatred toward homosexuals.
D)strongly negative attitudes toward homosexuals and homosexuality.
E)none of the above

Question 28

What's the average age that gays and lesbians are coming out?

A)8 or 9
B)18
C)21
D)26
E)30

Question 29

What is the role of Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs)in high schools across the country?

A)to make homosexuality more appealing to young people
B)to teach young homosexuals how to practice safer sex
C)to encourage tolerance
D)to provide therapy
E)to assist teachers

Question 30

Regarding gay and lesbian sexuality:

A)arousal and orgasm is decidedly different than in heterosexual couples.
B)sexual activity is more hurried and demanding than in heterosexual couples.
C)sexual behavior is more goal oriented than with heterosexual couples.
D)foreplay is less emphasized than with heterosexual couples.
E)None of these are true.

Question 31

What is the name of the first and largest accredited public school in the world devoted to the educational needs of GBLT and questioning youth and named after a gay San Francisco elected official who was murdered in 1978?

A)Langston Hughes High
B)Harvey Milk School
C)Barry Winchell School
D)Billy Jack Gaither High School
E)Brandon Teena School

Question 32

Which of the following is true about children raised by same sex couples?

A)Children of same-sex couples are more likely to become homosexual.
B)The children of same-sex couples often have psychological problems because they are ridiculed by their peers.
C)Children raised by same-sex couples take longer to realize their gender identities.
D)Children raised by same-sex couples have fewer peer relationships.
E)None of the above are true.

Question 33

Compared to heterosexual couples,same-sex couples have:

A)less role flexibility
B)more partner equality
C)higher levels of sexual jealousy
D)more sexual problems
E)all of the above

Question 34

What types of organizations have been formed to meet the needs of lesbian,gay,and bisexual individuals?

A)political
B)educational
C)religious
D)medical
E)all of these are true

Question 35

What is a problem often faced by gay and lesbian parents?

A)A nonbiological parent may not be able to get benefits for the child through his or her workplace.
B)Couples may have trouble gaining joint custody of a children
C)A nonbiological parent may not be granted parental leave.
D)Some couples are refused adoption because of their homosexuality.
E)All of these are problems.

Question 36

Which statement below is TRUE regarding lesbian,gay,and bisexual seniors?

A)Most seniors are happiest if they do not "come out."
B)Seniors tend to be most comfortable with their sexuality and generally do not experience internalized homophobia.
C)Nursing home staff have been found to be intolerant or condemning toward homosexual and bisexual residents.
D)There has been no support for the idea of retirement and nursing homes for gay,lesbian and bisexual seniors.
E)None of these are true

Question 37

Which statement below regarding gay and lesbian parenting is TRUE?

A)Children who grow up with gay or lesbian parents are more likely to identify as homosexual adults.
B)Sons of lesbian couples struggle in school due to a lack of male role models.
C)Daughters of lesbians are somewhat more likely to become transgendered.
D)Children who grow up with one or two gay and/or lesbian parents do as well emotionally,cognitively,socially and sexually as do children from heterosexual parents.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 38

Historically,the term __________ referred to any of the various forms of sexual intercourse held to be unnatural or abnormal

A)sodomy
B)bestiality
C)buggery
D)fellatio
E)intromission

Question 39

Which of the following is an example of heterosexism?

A)refusing to hire someone who is gay
B)asking a children where they want to work when they grow up
C)asking a woman if she has a boyfriend
D)beating up a young man because he is homosexual
E)all of the above

Question 40

Which statement below regarding Latin American countries and same-sex sexual behavior is TRUE?

A)Any sexual contact with a man is considered feminine.
B)A man is not considered a homosexual if he takes an active,penetrating role with other men.
C)Men who are viewed as masculine are on the receiving end of anal intercourse.
D)Any man who engages in sexual activity with another man is considered a homosexual.
E)all of these are true

Question 41

Which of the following is TRUE about hate crimes?

A)Hate crimes include those motivated by hatred of religion,sex,race,and sexual orientation.
B)According to the APA,hate crimes against homosexuals are the most socially acceptable crimes.
C)Hate crimes involve strong feelings of anger.
D)They are known as "message crimes."
E)All of these are true.

Question 42

The view that homosexuality is the result of reinforcement and punishment is most consistent with biological theories.

Question 43

What is the term for the idea that all standards of correct behavior are determined by one's own cultural background?

A)self-centrism
B)culture blindness
C)ethnocentrism
D)self-cultured
E)homophobia

Question 44

What is contemporaneous bisexuality?

A)having sexual partners of both sexes during the same time period
B)have sexual fantasies and desires for both sexes but only engaging in heterosexual sexual behaviors
C)having sex exclusively with one gender followed by sex exclusively with the other
D)the type of bisexual behavior where people do not self-identify as bisexual
E)none of these are true

Question 45

Over the last few decades,an increasing number of Americans believe that a person can be born gay.

Question 46

Kinsey thought that homosexuality was best understood as a continuum of behavior.

Question 47

According to the maternal immune hypothesis,once a woman has one gay or lesbian child,she cannot have another one.

Question 48

What is the term for the practice of engaging in same-sex sexual behaviors while excluded from heterosexual encounters (such as in prison)with the plan to return to heterosexual relationships exclusively?

A)confinement homosexuality
B)opportunist homosexuality
C)exclusionary homosexuality
D)inmate homosexuality
E)situational homosexuality

Question 49

Lesbian and bisexual women are more likely to be:

A)overweight.
B)smoke.
C)have higher rates of alcohol consumption.
D)report higher levels of depression.
E)all of the above.

Question 50

What is sequential bisexuality?

A)having sexual partners of both sexes during the same time period
B)have sexual fantasies and desires for both sexes but only engaging in heterosexual sexual behaviors
C)having sex exclusively with one gender followed by sex exclusively with the other
D)the type of bisexual behavior where people do not self-identify as bisexual
E)None of these are true

Question 51

Your campus is required to report all hate crimes thanks to the:

A)APA campaign against hate crimes.
B)the Hate Crimes Right to Know Act.
C)Media Center for Truth in Broadcasting.
D)Parents Against Hate Crimes Association.
E)Harvey Milk Foundation.

Question 52

The modern American view of homosexuality is much harsher than most other countries throughout history.

Question 53

Homosexuality is found only in Western cultures.

Question 54

Cross-gender boys are viewed more negatively than cross-gender girls.

Question 55

Bisexuality does not exist in the animal kingdom.

Question 56

Internalized homophobia is:

A)when a young person denies being homophobia,yet actively discriminates against homosexuals.
B)more likely to be experienced by women than by men.
C)can be caused by low levels of testosterone.
D)when a homosexual person harbors negative feelings about homosexuality.
E)most common among young people.

Question 57

Biphobia exists in which of the following community/communities?

A)heterosexual
B)homosexual
C)both heterosexual and homosexual
D)bisexual
E)teenage and senior

Question 58

Classic psychoanalysis suggests that male homosexuality is the result of an intense attachment to the mother and a distant relationship with the father.

Question 59

Darryl Bem proposed the "exotic-becomes-erotic" theory of sexual orientation.

Question 60

If you wanted to find a religion that is the most accepting of homosexuality,you would more likely become a member of a __________ church or synagogue.

A)Methodist
B)Catholic
C)United Church of Christ
D)Jewish
E)None of these,there are no religions accepting of homosexuality

Question 61

PFLAG is an organization that was specifically designed to help parents accept a child's sexual orientation.

Question 62

People who hold negative views of lesbians,gay men and bisexuals are likely to have had lots of contact with homosexuals and bisexuals.

Question 63

Research shows that children who grow up with gay or lesbian parents are more likely to identify as homosexual adults.

Question 64

Homosexuality is found in every culture.

Question 65

The Harvey Milk School was the first and largest accredited public school in the world devoted to the educational needs of GBLT and questioning youth.