Deck 32: Health Promotion and Care of the Older Adult

Question 1

When the nurse discusses prevention of cardiac disease, falls, and depression with a group of older adults, the benefits of what are important to stress?

A) Nutrition
B) Medications
C) Exercise
D) Sleep

Answer 1

Exercise

Question 2

The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk. What should the nurse suggest to fulfill calcium needs?

A) Rye bread
B) Yogurt
C) Apples
D) Raisins

Answer 2

Yogurt

Question 3

At mealtime, the older adult seems to be eating less food than would be adequate. Compared to the younger adult, what is a requirement for the older adult?

A) More fluids
B) Less calcium
C) Fewer calories
D) More vitamins

Answer 3

Fewer calories

Question 4

The nurse recognizes that an older adult patient with COPD has a higher incidence of developing which age-related skeletal change that will alter the ability to exchange air effectively?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Arthritis
C) Kyphosis
D) Osteomyelitis

Question 5

For what is the older adult patient at increased risk because of age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system?

A) Fractures due to poor uptake of calcium
B) Heart attacks due to increased effort to ambulate
C) Respiratory failure due to kyphosis
D) Falls related to posture changes

Question 6

A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood vessel elasticity. For what should the nurse assess?

A) Confusion
B) Tachycardia
C) Hypertension
D) Retained secretions

Question 7

The nurse is assisting an older adult patient out of bed when suddenly the patient begins to fall. What is the likely cause of the fall?

A) Fever
B) Orthostatic hypotension
C) Dehydration
D) A decrease in venous return

Question 8

The older patient informs the nurse that food has no taste and therefore the patient has no appetite. What is this most likely caused by?

A) Tasteless food
B) Overuse of salt
C) Lack of variety
D) Loss of taste buds

Question 9

The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has decreased resistance to respiratory infections. For what is this patient at increased risk?

A) COPD
B) Bronchitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Atelectasis

Question 10

To help prevent falls related to muscle weakness, what type of exercises should be selected for the aging patient?

A) Daily
B) Running
C) Weight-bearing
D) Aerobic

Question 11

What is a major difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?

A) Rheumatoid arthritis is degenerative.
B) Rheumatoid arthritis only affects patients over 40 years of age.
C) Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.
D) Rheumatoid arthritis is curable.

Question 12

The older adult patient complains to the nurse about nocturia. This problem is most likely related to:

A) loss of bladder tone.
B) decrease in testosterone.
C) decrease in bladder capacity.
D) intake of caffeine.

Question 13

The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she sneezes. What is the correct terminology for this type of incontinence?

A) Urge incontinence
B) Stress incontinence
C) Overflow incontinence
D) Functional incontinence

Question 14

Because thin skin and lack of subcutaneous fat predisposes the older adult to pressure ulcers, the nurse alters the care plan to include turning the bedfast patient how often?

A) Once every shift
B) Every 4 hours
C) Each evening
D) Every 2 hours

Question 15

The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote inhalation of adequate oxygen. What is this method of breathing called?

A) Pursed-lip breathing
B) Increased inspiration
C) Vital capacity
D) Decreased expiration

Question 16

When discussing aging, to whom does the term older adulthood apply?

A) Age 55 and above
B) Age 65 and above
C) Age 70 and above
D) Age 75 and above

Question 17

When was the Social Security Act, which was the first major legislation providing financial security for older adults, passed?

A) 1930
B) 1935
C) 1940
D) 1945

Question 18

When assessing the skin of an older adult patient who is complaining of pruritus, what should the nurse advise the patient to avoid to reduce further drying of her skin?

A) Perfumed soap
B) Hard-milled soap
C) Antibacterial soap
D) Lotion soap

Question 19

What should be suggested to a patient to aid with the pain of claudication?

A) Rest
B) Exercise
C) Cross legs
D) Stand

Question 20

An older adult is having difficulty swallowing. What position should the nurse recommend to aid in swallowing?

A) Chin parallel
B) Chin upward
C) Chin down
D) Chin to the side

Question 21

When an older female patient complains of painful sexual intercourse, what should the nurse recognize as the probable cause?

A) Urinary incontinence
B) Arthritic joints
C) Kyphosis
D) Mucosal drying

Question 22

When communicating with an older adult patient, the nurse becomes aware of the fact that the patient is well satisfied with his accomplishments over a lifetime and has no regrets concerning aging. Which of Erikson's developmental stages has the patient achieved?

A) Acceptance
B) Withdrawal
C) Ego integrity
D) Interaction

Question 23

What is age-related vision change caused by the loss of elasticity of the lens called?

A) Nearsightedness
B) Cataracts
C) Presbyopia
D) Blepharitis

Question 24

When communicating with an older adult patient who has difficulty hearing, how should the nurse change her speech?

A) Speak very loudly
B) Speak rapidly
C) Lower the tone of the voice
D) Raise the tone of the voice

Question 25

How often does a 76-year-old need a screening for preventative health?

A) Every 2 years
B) Every 6 months
C) Every 3 years
D) Every year

Question 26

What is one positive aspect of Parkinson disease?

A) The disease does not alter ability to communicate
B) Anti-Parkinson drugs have few side effects
C) Intellectual function is not impaired
D) Involuntary movements can be controlled

Question 27

The nurse initiates the application of a draw sheet on every bedfast patient on her unit to facilitate lifting and to prevent _________ forces.

Question 28

What should the nurse do to help the dysphagic patient? (Select all that apply.)

A) Sit the patient upright
B) Reduce distraction during mealtime
C) Offer fluid from a straw
D) Thicken liquids
E) Cue the patient to swallow

Question 29

When should family members of a stroke victim expect to see some of the neurologic involvement disappear?

A) Within 2 to 3 weeks
B) Within 1 to 2 months
C) Within 3 to 6 months
D) Within 6 to 9 months

Question 30

Which areas are affected only minimally by age?

A) Physical activity
B) Productivity
C) Cognition
D) Sexuality

Question 31

What is the most common cause of dementia?

A) Multi-infarct
B) Medications
C) Alzheimer disease
D) Parkinson disease

Question 32

Which approaches should be included when teaching medication safety to an older, homebound adult? (Select all that apply.)

A) Always dispose of expired medications in the toilet or the sink; never throw them in the trash can.
B) Never share medications with others.
C) If a medication is not finished as prescribed, save it for future use.
D) Keep medications in their original containers.
E) Always request child-proof containers, even if the patient has trouble opening the lids.

Question 33

Which statements are myths that have been disproved concerning aging? (Select all that apply.)

A) All older adults are senile.
B) Most older adults live in their own homes.
C) Older adults are poor.
D) Older adults have frequent contact with family members.
E) Older adults are disabled.

Question 34

When assessing the older adult, the nurse considers which aspect of the patient's routine as a possible contributor to constipation?

A) Intake of antacids several times a day
B) Taking a laxative once a week
C) Excessive exercise routine
D) Eating two apples a day

Question 35

What is the result of a slowing of the impulse transmission in the nervous system?

A) Hypertension
B) Hearing deficit
C) Decrease in tactile sensations
D) Longer reaction time

Question 36

The nurse recognizes that a term referring to mechanical difficulty of swallowing is ___________.

Question 37

When bathing an 80-year-old woman who lives on a farm, the nurse assesses brown macules on the patient's hands and forearms. The nurse recognizes these as _________.

Question 38

What is the best test to identify the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women?

A) Skeletal x-ray
B) Bone density scan
C) Calcium blood level
D) CAT scan

Question 39

Which symptom of diabetes distorts tactile sensation?

A) Proprioception
B) Loss of visual acuity
C) Progressive paresis
D) Peripheral neuropathy